Acid & Base Equilibrium Exam Chemistry 30

Contains more hydrogen ions that hydroxide ions

• Acidic Solution

• Basic Solution

• Neutral Solution

• Monoprotic Acid

• Polyprotic Acid

Contains more hydroxide ions that hydrogen ions

• Acidic Solution

• Basic Solution

• Neutral Solution

• Monoprotic Acid

• Polyprotic Acid

Contains equal amounts of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions

• Acidic Solution

• Basic Solution

• Neutral Solution

• Monoprotic Acid

• Polyprotic Acid

Acids that can only donate one proton

Ex: HCI

• Acidic Solution

• Basic Solution

• Neutral Solution

• Monoprotic Acid

• Polyprotic Acid

Acids that can donate more than one proton

Polyprotic acids will ionize in steps, losing only one proton at a time

Ex: H₂SO₄

• Acidic Solution

• Basic Solution

• Neutral Solution

• Monoprotic Acid

• Polyprotic Acid

Water Ionizes to a small degree to form H₃O⁺ ions and OH^- ions

Ex: H₂O ↔ H⁺_(aq) + OH^-_(aq)

2H₂O_(L) + H₃O⁺_(aq) + OH^-_(aq)

• Water Equilibrium

• pH Scale

• Neutralization

• Titration

Way to express the strength of acids and bases

Measures the amount of hydrogen ions that exist

[H+] are often very small numbers and the pH scale is a method of turning this into a number easier to work with

a pH of 2 is ten times stronger than a pH of 3

• Water Equilibrium

• pH Scale

• Neutralization

• Titration

When we end up with a neutral solution (pH=7)

This only happens when both the acid and the base are strong

• Water Equilibrium

• pH Scale

• Neutralization

• Titration

A lab technique used to determine the concentration of an acid or a base

Involves gradually adding an acid of known concentration to a base of unknown concentration (or vice versa)

• Water Equilibrium

• pH Scale

• Neutralization

• Titration

What are two Common acids

• Hydrochloric Acid

• Sulfuric Acid

• Magnesium Hydroxide

• Ammonium Hydroxide