Types of Problem Solving in Cognitive Psychology Review Practice

What is a heuristic?

• A precise step-by-step procedure for solving a problem

• A mental shortcut that helps in making quick decisions

• A mathematical formula used in problem-solving

• A detailed plan for conducting experiments

What is an algorithm?

• A method based on intuition

• A mental shortcut for quick decision-making

• A systematic, step-by-step problem-solving procedure

• A strategy for recalling memories

Which of the following is an example of a heuristic?

• Solving a math problem using a formula

• Following a recipe to bake a cake

• Choosing a restaurant based on how many people are inside

• Using a map to navigate a city

What is an analogy in problem-solving?

• A systematic method for solving problems

• A comparison between two similar situations to solve a problem

• A step-by-step guide to reach a solution

• A random guess to find an answer

Which of the following best describes the use of algorithms?

• They ensure a correct solution if followed correctly.

• They are used to make quick decisions with minimal effort.

• They rely on past experiences to guide decision-making.

• They compare current situations to previous ones.

How do heuristics differ from algorithms?

• Heuristics are precise and always lead to a solution.

• Algorithms are quick mental shortcuts.

• Heuristics are less systematic and more prone to error.

• Algorithms are based on past experiences.

An analogy helps in problem-solving by

• Following a fixed set of rules

• Ignoring past experiences

• Identifying similar patterns between different scenarios

• Ensuring a guaranteed solution

When might an algorithm be more useful than a heuristic?

• When a quick decision is needed

• When the problem is ambiguous

• When past experiences are available for guidance

• When a problem is complex and requires a guaranteed solution

An example of using an algorithm is:

• Guessing the answer on a multiple-choice test

• Following a detailed recipe to bake a cake

• Choosing a book based on its cover

• Estimating the probability of rain based on past weather

The process of drawing a conclusion based on the comparison between two similar

• Heuristic reasoning

• Algorithmic processing

• Analogical reasoning

• Deductive reasoning

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