Biology Final Exam Review 2025

During Darwin’s journey, which location provided significant evidence for his theory of evolution?

• Galápagos Islands

• Rocky Mountains

• Sahara Desert

• Amazon Rainforest

Darwin’s theory of evolution is primarily based on which mechanism?

• Gene flow

• Mutation

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

What is the principle of common descent?

• Species evolve through mutation alone

• Species originate independently

• All species are descended from common ancestors

• All species are unrelated

What evidence did Darwin use to support his theory of evolution?

• Fossil records

• Genetic studies

• Biogeography

• All of the above

Which type of structure is a result of descent with modification from a common ancestor?

• Vestigial structures

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• All of the above

What is the significance of vestigial structures in evolution?

• They show evidence of common ancestry

• They indicate unused body parts

• They have essential functions

• They are unique to each species

What is an example of a homologous structure?

• Tail fins of fish and flippers of penguins

• Beaks of finches and teeth of lions

• Front limbs of humans and front limbs of whales

• Wings of a bee and wings of a bird

What is the main function of RNA in protein synthesis?

• Catalyzing metabolic reactions

• Providing structural support to cells

• Transferring genetic code from DNA to the ribosome

• Storing genetic information

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?

During transcription, which molecule is synthesized?

• DNA

• mRNA

• Protein

• tRNA