Civic Literacy Honors Final Exam Review

“It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is. Those who apply the rule to particular cases, must of necessity expound and interpret that rule. If two laws conflict with each other, the courts must decide on the operation of each.”

— Chief Justice John Marshall in Marbury v. Madison (1803)

The decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) expanded the power of the Supreme Court by

• Establishing the power of judicial review.

• 
  Interpreting the interstate commerce clause.

• Restricting the use of the elastic clause.

• Upholding the constitutionality of the National Bank.

The Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights were significant influences on United States constitutional development because they

• Provided suffrage for all men and women.

• Called for the abolition of slavery.

• Supported the development of federalism.

• Placed limits on the powers of the government and guaranteed certain liberties to the people.

Use the chart below to answer the question.

Types of Government in Some Nations

China~communist state

Cuba~dictatorship

Saudi Arabia~absolute monarchy

United States~democracy

 

In which nation do citizens freely elect government representatives?

• China

• Saudi Arabia

• United States

• Cuba

At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the Three-Fifths Compromise and the Great Compromise dealt with the issue of

• Amending the Constitution.

• Representation in Congress.

• Rights of the accused.

• Women's rights.

The Constitution provides that the president "shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States... (Article 2, Section 2)." The Senate has always jealously guarded its power to review and approve or reject presidential appointees to executive and judicial branch posts.

--"Power & Procedures," United States Senate

 

Based on the text, what is the role of the U.S. Senate in presidential appointments?

• to act as an important check on presidential appointments

• to ensure that some appointees previously served in the legislative branch

• to nominate candidates for all presidential appointments

• to ensure that the appointees are from the majority political party

Which of the following actions by public school students would most likely be protected by symbolic speech based on the precedent established by Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)?

• Leading prayers over the school's public address system.

• Wearing t-shirts objecting to a school board decision.

• Protesting a school board decision by disrupting a school assembly.

• Publishing an editorial in the school newspaper.

In a criminal trial, what burden of proof must a prosecutor demonstrate in order to get a guilty verdict?

• preponderance of evidence

• reasonable suspicion

• beyond a reasonable doubt

• probable cause

Which constitutional guarantee is demonstrated in this sequence?

 

Police officer determines probable cause and requests a warrant --> Judge issues a warrant --> Police officer serves and searches property

• public assembly

• freedom of speech

• trial by jury

• due process of law

Which action is protected by the Bill of Rights?

• Yelling "bomb" in a busy and crowded airport.

• Carrying an unregistered handgun.

• Requiring a morning prayer at a public school.

• Writing a letter complaining to the mayor of your town.

"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside."

-Section 1 of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

 

According to the 14th Amendment, how could someone whose parents are both foreign citizens qualify to become a U.S. citizen?

• The person is at least 25 years of age.

• The person has held a U.S. public office.

• The person was born in the United States.

• The person now lives in the United States.