Chem Final Exam Review S2

Benjamin and Zoe are conducting an experiment to see in which state molecules move the fastest. In which state do molecules move the fastest?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Answer explanation

Molecules move the fastest in the gas state. In gases, molecules have more energy and move freely, leading to higher speeds compared to solids and liquids.

In which state do molecules have the greatest kinetic energy?

(a)  

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Answer explanation

Molecules have the greatest kinetic energy in the Gas state, as the particles are moving faster and have more energy compared to the other states (Solid, Liquid, Plasma).

In which state do molecules have the greatest kinetic energy?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Answer explanation

Plasma state has the greatest kinetic energy among the given options, as the particles are highly energized and move rapidly.

David and Emma are discussing the behavior of gas particles in a balloon. According to kinetic molecular theory, ideal gas particles are:

• Large; take up a large amount of space

• Small; take up a small amount of space

• Tiny; take up a tiny amount of space

• Infinitely small;

Answer explanation

According to kinetic molecular theory, ideal gas particles are tiny and take up a tiny amount of space, which is the correct choice in this scenario.

Emma and Sophia are playing with bouncy balls. According to kinetic molecular theory, when the bouncy balls crash into each other:

• Stick together for a little bit, then separate

• Bounce off each other without losing energy

• Bounce off each other but lose some energy

• Stick together and stay together

Answer explanation

According to kinetic molecular theory, bouncy balls bounce off each other without losing energy, maintaining the same energy level during the collision.

Benjamin and Abigail are conducting an experiment with gas particles. According to kinetic molecular theory, how does temperature affect the kinetic energy of the gas particles?

• Higher temperature → higher kinetic energy

• Higher temperature → lower kinetic energy

• Lower temperature → higher kinetic energy

Answer explanation

Higher temperature leads to higher kinetic energy according to kinetic molecular theory.

According to kinetic molecular theory, what is the relationship between mass and velocity of ideal gases?

(a)  

• Light gases move slower than heavy gases

• Light gases move the same speed as heavy gases

• Light gases move faster than heavy gases

Answer explanation

According to kinetic molecular theory, light gases have higher average velocities compared to heavy gases.

During a science experiment, Scarlett and Avery observed the movement of different gases. Which gas will move the slowest?

• Ne

• H₂

• CH₄

• CCl₄

Answer explanation

CCl₄ will move the slowest because it is a heavier gas compared to Ne, H₂, and CH₄, resulting in slower movement during the experiment.

Mason and Elijah are conducting an experiment with a gas. They want to know which law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature. Which is Boyle’s Law?

• P₁V₁=T₂P₂/V₂

• P₁V₁=P₂V₂

• V₁T₁=V₂T₂

• V₁/T₁=V₂/T₂

Answer explanation

Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature, which is represented by the equation P₁V₁=P₂V₂.

Henry is conducting an experiment with a balloon. He notices that as the temperature of the gas inside the balloon increases, the volume of the balloon also increases. Which law explains this relationship?

• P₁V₁=T₂P₂/V₂

• P₁V₁=P₂V₂

• V₁T₁=V₂T₂

• V₁/T₁=V₂/T₂

Answer explanation

The relationship between volume and temperature is described by Charles's Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is constant.