Evolution Quiz

What is this an example of?

• diversity of species

• variation

• vestigial structures

• DNA studies

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What is the most likely explanation of the data shown below?

• There has been a drought in the area that is affecting all life forms.

• The population of natural predators of the moths has gotten smaller.

• The moths are living in an environment with light trees.

• The moths are living in an environment with dark trees.

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According to natural selection, light colored tree trunks would favor

• light colored moths

• dark colored moths

• red colored moths

• red and light colored moths

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Who was the Scientist most famous for his study of natural selection and evolution?

• Theodor Schwann

• Robert Hooke

• Charles Darwin

• Rudolf Virchow

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Lake Victoria in East Africa is home to many species of fish called cichlids. In 1954 the predatory Nile perch was introduced to Lake Victoria. The Nile perch became the dominant fish species in the lake by the mid-1980s. The number of cichlid species in the lake decreased as the Nile perch population increased. The perch preyed heavily on cichlid species that fed on algae and debris on the bottom of the lake. Algae in the lake increased, and oxygen levels decreased. The surface area of the gills of some cichlid species has increased in just over 20 years.

• A. Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to change their diet and avoid competing with the Nile perch.

• B. Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to better absorb the limited oxygen in the water.

• C. Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to be camouflaged and avoid being eaten by the Nile perch.

• D. Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to leave Lake Victoria and establish populations in nearby bodies of water.

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Which of the following best describes an adaptation?

• A random change in an organism's DNA

• A trait that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce

• A process by which organisms with similar traits interbreed

• A sudden change in the environment

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What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

• Natural selection

• Mutation

• Adaptation

• Extinction

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Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

• A bird learning to sing a new song

• A plant developing deeper roots in response to drought

• A fish swimming faster to escape predators

• A population of insects becoming resistant to a pesticide over several generations

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How does variation within a species contribute to natural selection?

• It decreases the chances of survival for the species

• It allows some individuals to be better suited to the environment than others

• It ensures that all individuals are identical

• It prevents any changes in the species over time

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Which of the following statements is true about natural selection?

• It acts on individuals, not populations

• It leads to the development of new species in a single generation

• It results in the survival and reproduction of individuals with favorable traits

• It eliminates all genetic variation in a population

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