The Cold War

A reason that President Harry Truman decided to use atomic weapons against Japan was to

• end the war while limiting the loss of American lives

• punish the Japanese people by destroying their country

• increase Japan’s potential as a future aggressor

• divert forces to fight Germany

Throughout the Cold War, most United States foreign policy was based on the belief that the United States had the responsibility to

• avoid foreign entanglements

• prevent the spread of communism

• support worldwide revolutions

• provide economic aid to the nations of the Warsaw Pact

The growth of McCarthyism in the early 1950s was based on

• public fear concerning the spread of communism

• outrage over government corruption

• dissatisfaction with the results of World War II

• opposition to the policy of containment

The United States experience in the Vietnam War supports the idea that the outcome of a war

• is determined mainly by technological superiority

• is dependent on using the greatest number of soldiers

• is assured to countries dedicated to democratic ideals

• can be strongly affected by public opinion

After World War II, the Marshall Plan was proposed as a way to

• improve diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union

• help European nations recover economically

• remove nuclear weapons from Western Europe

• bring Nazi war criminals to justice

The War Powers Act was passed at the end of the Vietnam War to limit the president’s power to

• draft citizens in peacetime

• send troops into military combat

• negotiate peace treaties

• ask Congress to declare war

The passage of this resolution led to

• The building of the Berlin Wall

• Settlement of the Cuban Missile Crisis

• Increased United States involvement in the Vietnam War

• The seizure of American hostages by Iran

Which presidential action best represents the policy of détente?

• John F. Kennedy’s order for the Bay of Pigs invasion against Cuba

• Lyndon B. Johnson’s escalation of the Vietnam War

• Richard Nixon’s Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT) with the Soviet Union

• George Bush’s military action to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait

The immediate impact of the 1957 launch of Sputnik I was that it

• forced the United States to find new sources of fuel

• focused attention on the need to regulate the uses of outer space

• heightened the space race as a form of Cold War competition

• ended the period of peaceful coexistence between the United States and the Soviet Union

What was one outcome of the Cuban missile crisis in 1962?

• Cuba became a communist nation.

• The United States seized military control of Cuba.

• The Soviet Union withdrew its nuclear missiles from Cuba.

• Fidel Castro met with President John F. Kennedy.