Relationships and Biodiversity Review Quizizz

The diagram represents evolutionary relationships between different species.

Which species would least likely have a protein similar to species H?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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The differing rates of migration of DNA fragments in a gel electrophoresis procedure is mainly due to

• the volume of the DNA sample used

• the size of the DNA fragments produced

• the number of DNA fragments in the gel

• the size of the wells of the gel

The amino acid sequence of four species, Bc, X, Y, and Z, were compared to determine their evolutionary relationship.

Based on the amino acid sequence below, identify the evolutionary tree that best represents the relationship between the species.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

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The DNA from three different bacterial species are compared with a specific strain of E. coli bacteria. These data were used to construct the evolutionary tree below.

Which row in the data table below best supports the evolutionary diagram constructed by the scientists?

• Row 1

• Row 2

• Row 3

• Row 4

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

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Comparisons between species can be done using both structural and molecular evidence. An example of using structural evidence is comparing

• seed characteristics

• enzyme characteristics

• amino acid sequences

• DNA banding patterns

The illustrations represent cross sections of two different plant stems. A student compared two stem cross sections. Stem cross section A is from a plant that can be used to produce products with valuable medicinal properties. Stem cross section B is from a plant growing in the same area of the forest and its usefulness for producing medicines is unknown. The student concluded that the stem cross sections had many structural similarities and that the plant that produced cross section B would produce the same valuable medicinal products.

Is the student's conclusion valid?

• Yes, because the structural similarities indicate a close relationship between the organisms.

• Yes, because these plants grow in the same regions of the forest ecosystem and look similar.

• No, because he did not evaluate soil conditions, such as pH, with chemical indicators.

• No, because this structural evidence alone is insufficient and molecular evidence should be obtained.

The chart represents the results of gel electrophoresis of DNA from an unknown individual and four known individuals.

Before conducting an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

• convert the DNA into gel

• cut the DNA into fragments

• remove smaller DNA fragments from the samples

• synthesize larger fragments of DNA

In an effort to determine how closely related several plant species are, a student performed the laboratory test shown below.

The method used by the student to compare plant extracts from the different species is

• gel electrophoresis

• DNA banding

• a staining technique

• paper chromatography

Organisms living in the same environment may have similar body structures, but this does not always indicate a close biological relationship. The chart below provides information about four organisms that live in an Antarctic Ocean ecosystem.

Which lab procedure can be done to find molecular evidence for relationships between these Antarctic marine organisms?

• Compare slides of cell organelles.

• Examine fossils and ocean sediments.

• Set up and perform gel electrophoresis.

• Use a dichotomous key and test for pH.

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Organisms living in the same environment may have similar body structures, but this does not always indicate a close biological relationship. The chart below provides information about four organisms that live in an Antarctic Ocean ecosystem.

Two features that would be the most useful in determining which of these organisms are most closely related are

• presence of hair and similar proteins

• presence of feathers and similar body structures

• habitat and diet

• body size and color

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