Aptis Advance Reading

As the day started, the sun rose, shining light on the town.

• People woke up and began their day.

• When the sun set, the town quieted down, ready for a peaceful night.

• In the afternoon, the town got busier with people laughing and talking.

• Birds sang, and trees swayed in the morning breeze.

• Cars honk and people are rushing everywhere

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The Ice Bucket challenge has been a​ (a)   ​campaign with millions of videos circulating on Facebook and YouTube. By using social media platforms, it has​ ​ (b)   ​ across the world like no other movement before it. The rules of the challenge are quite simple. Within 24 hours of being ​ (c)   ​ by someone, ​ (d)   ​ must record a video of themselves pouring ice water over their head. While many individuals see the challenge as a fun event, some take it seriously and actually ​ (e)   ​ money to the ALS foundation or some other charity.

• successful
• spread
• challenged
• participants
• donate

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The ALS association is reported to have ​ (a)   ​over $ 100 million dollars during the summer months of 2014. Before the challenge public ​ (b)   of ALS was limited. Hardly anyone knew about the disease, because it ​​ (c)   very few people – about 2 per 100,000.​

• received
• awareness
• affected
• diseases
• given

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Which is the heading for the following paragraph?

The practice of downloading and distributing copyrighted content such as music or software, digitally and without permission, is known as online piracy. The principle behind piracy pre-dated the creation of the Internet, as we shall see, but its online popularity arose alongside the internet. Despite its explicit illegality in many developed countries, online piracy is still widely practised, largely due to the ease with which it can be done and the difficulty of preventing it.​

• An unexpected source of income

• The human cost

• Duplication is nothing new

• What is online piracy?

• The possible benefits

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Which is the heading for the following paragraph?

One of the earliest recorded acts of unauthorized content copying was in the 1770s, when fourteen-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart visited the Sistine Chapel and heard Allegri's Miserere being performed. After having heard it once, Mozart went back to his hotel and transcribed the entire piece from memory. Two days later he returned to the chapel to proofread his transcription while listening again to the performance. Strangely enough, nobody (except perhaps Allegri!) seemed to mind this copycat behaviour.

• Duplication is nothing new

• The start of massive online privacy

• The financial cost

• What is the legal aspect?

• The possible benefits

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Which is the heading for the following paragraph?

Historically speaking, there have been a number of advances which have had the dual effect of facilitating legitimate sharing of information while also enabling copyright to be violated more easily. One of the first of these was, of course, the printing press. It may surprise you to hear that in the 1500s these so-called ‘book pirates’ made most of their profits by reproducing various editions of the Bible. Many people read religious books at that time, and pirated copies sold fast. 

• What are the legal aspect?

• What is online piracy?

• An unexpected source of income

• The financial cost

• The possible benefits

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Which is the heading for the following paragraph?

Everything changed with the advent of computers, especially when prices dropped and they became accessible to many people.  With the release of Napster in 1999 there was an enormous upsurge in online piracy of films, TV programmes and especially music. Napster allowed peer-to-peer file-sharing among its users, which meant easy access to free music. It was ordered to shut down by a federal judge in 2000. However, for many content-producers this was too late, as so many users had already got into the habit of piracy.

• The human cost

• Duplication is nothing new

• The financial cost

• The possible benefits

• The start of massive online piracy

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Which heading is for the following paragraph?

Following Napster’s shutdown, many other popular file-sharing programs arose that are still widely used today. Digital piracy is an ongoing global problem that significantly impacts consumers, media and content-oriented industries and other enterprises. It’s difficult to put an exact figure on the total economic loss caused by digital piracy, but it’s massive. Moreover, many jobs have been lost. Julia Stoll from Statistica.com predicts that the global online TV and movie industry will lose 51.6 billion U.S. dollars to piracy in 2022.

• What is online piracy?

• The financial cost

• What is the legal aspects?

• The possible benefits

• Duplication is nothing new

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Which heading is for the following paragraph?

Meanwhile, those who operate piracy websites potentially earn millions of dollars. This revenue comes from various sources such as advertising, subscriptions, and the sale of content. Although these sites are occasionally shut down, they are usually quickly replaced. Efforts to detect piracy and enforce the law are complicated by the enormous amount of time, resources and personnel required. Some jurisdictions have no legislation in place at all, while others have more permissive laws that have been largely ineffective.

• The financial cost

• The human cost

• An unexpected source of income

• What is the legal aspect?

• The possible benefits

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Which heading is for the following paragraph?

Nonetheless, and perhaps unexpectedly, it has been argued that in general piracy has led to improvements in information distribution. What’s more, prices may have been kept down due to the competition for audiences. It has also had positive effects for users in countries where content is either unavailable or often delayed. Some networks now screen their latest episodes in those countries first, in order to avoid pirated copies being shown. Online innovation and the creation of new works is becoming more widespread than ever. So maybe it’s not all bad!

• What is online piracy?

• The financial cost

• The possible benefits

• The human cost

• An unexpected source of income

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