Unit 7 Western Europe Review Final

Which statement would this passage best support?

• Towns were important in an emerging international economy.

• Economic self-sufficiency was reinforced by the revival of towns.

• Crossroad locations limit the functions of towns.

• The culture of towns discouraged new ideas.

Increases in trade and commerce that occurred during the late Middle Ages in Europe resulted in

• Lower living standards for guild members

• The development of more towns and cities

• A decline in rivalries between kings

• An increase in the number of self-sufficient manors

The development of banking during the Commercial Revolution in western Europe was significant because it

• Provided capital resources to merchants for investment

• Allowed peasant farmers to finance the construction of new homes

• Enabled the proletariat to challenge the bourgeoisie

• Created pensions for retired workers

Which statement best expresses the philosophy of humanism?

• God selects those to be saved.

• The pope expresses the ultimate word of God.

• People have potential and can improve themselves by learning.

• A person's life on Earth is merely preparation for the afterlife.

A key feature of European Renaissance culture was

• An outlook emphasizing classicism, secularism, and individualism

• A reliance on the Pope and his knights to maintain political stability

• A shift in production from the domestic system to the factory system

• A way of thinking stressing humility and Christian faith

What was one ideal of Renaissance humanism?

• training as a knight and practicing chivalry

• obeying divine right monarchs and the church

• living apart from the world and taking monastic

  vows

• investigating areas of interest and fulfilling

  one’s potential

What is meant by Machiavelli’s belief that “the end justifies the means”?

• Leaders may use any method to achieve what is best for the state.

• The general public always acts in its own best interest.

• Pleasing all of the people at any given time is possible.

• Leaders must always act for the common good.

A major reason that the Renaissance began in Italy was that

• Italian city-states had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia

• Farmers produced great agricultural surpluses on vast plains

• Merchants supported the Green Revolution

• Many European scholars had migrated to this area

What is a major reason the Renaissance began in the Italian city-states?

• The Rhine River provided power to Italian industries.

• The Alps isolated these city-states from the rest of Europe.

• The Mediterranean location of these city-states encouraged trade.

• The favorable climate of Italy led to a reliance

  on agricultural products.

This passage is most closely associated with the ideas of

• Pope Urban II

• Niccolo Machiavelli

• John Calvin

• Thomas Malthus