Psychology Unit 1 Revision

Ethical concepts and guidelines in psychology are employed by the experimenter to

• ensure that the experiment is repeatable.

• ensure that the experiment is valid.

• protect participants from physical and psychological harm.

• protect participants from psychological harm.

What ethical guideline is the researcher upholding by allowing the child to leave the study?

• confidentiality

• withdrawal rights

• debriefing

• informed consent

After the child has been removed from the study, the researcher also removes any data relating to the child. What ethical guideline is the researcher upholding?

• confidentiality

• withdrawal rights

• debriefing

• informed consent

A researcher is interested in understanding how a local Indigenous Australian group’s understanding of wellbeing is linked to their connection to Country. The researcher contacts a trusted member of the community to ask about their customs so that they can understand them in order to be culturally sensitive. The researcher is primarily demonstrating the ethical concept of

• respect

• deception

• justice

• confidentiality

The ethical concept of beneficence relates to

• the honest reporting of results

• avoiding harm to participants

• treating all participants fairly

• maximising benefits and minimising the risks and harms involved

If the results of research can be applied to similar individuals in a different setting, the results are

• biased.

• internally valid.

• externally valid.

• repeatable.

Internal validity can only be achieved

• by having a large sample size.

• by ensuring that the experiment is testing what it sets out to test.

• if external validity is also achieved.

• if only one variable is present.

In a study examining the relationship between family stability and wellbeing, Dr Keppel designed a survey that incorporated different family structures, such as joint families, and other complex kinship structures, such as those in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. In doing so, Dr Keppel acknowledged the influence of

• economic factors.

• legal factors.

• sociocultural factors.

• political factors.

Dr Perkins, a developmental psychologist, has been studying babies aged between zero and eight months. Dr Perkins’ data show that babies commonly can roll over at the age of six months, less so at four months and never at one month.

The range in the age of rolling that was found in Dr Perkin’s study is referred to as

• a range of development.

• a sensitive period of development.

• a critical period of development.

• an abstract period of development.

Dr Perkins, a developmental psychologist, has been studying babies aged between zero and eight months. Dr Perkins’ data show that babies commonly can roll over at the age of six months, less so at four months and never at one month.

Dr Perkins observed that none of the babies are rolling at one month of age. This is because

• rolling has a critical period of between four and six months.

• the babies need to be encouraged to roll.

• rolling requires a level of maturation that the babies have not reached.

• the babies have not reached the critical period of development.