(Q4) 1-Ancient Astronomy

A philosopher that proved the Earth is a sphere & thought it was at the center of the universe.

• Plato

• Anaxagoras

• Aristotle

• Eudoxus

His model of the Earth-centered universe was the cornerstone of astronomy for 1,500 years.

• Claudius Ptolemy

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Galileo Galilei

• Pythagoras

The heliocentric model was actually first proposed by:

• Aristotle

• Archimedes

• Aristarchus

• Eratosthenes

Why did people centuries ago believe that Earth was the center of the universe and that everything rotated around it?

• They were not good at making observations.

• The sun and moon appear to go around the earth from our perspective.

• The universe has changed since the early days.

• Earth and the other planets were not visible to people then.

Ptolemy thought that the planets orbit the Earth rather than the Sun. How did he explain the retrograde motion of planets like Jupiter?

• The Sun roamed about among the planets and pulled them out of their circular orbits.

• The planets moved on a separate circle called, an epicycle, whose center in turn circled a point near Earth.

• The planets moved in very elongated ellipses, and their speed in orbit changed radically over the course of a year.

• The planets moved along a circle centered on the Earth, sometimes in a forward direction and sometimes in a backward direction.

Ptolemy hypothesized that planets travel in circular orbits centered around the Earth. He called these circular orbits __________.

• Ellipses

• Epicenters

• Epicycles

• Epic Cycles

Geocentric models place the _______ at the center of the universe?

• Sun

• Moon

• Stars

• Earth

Ancient civilizations achieved all of the following in astronomy EXCEPT...

• Keeping track of the time of day

• Keeping track of the time of year

• Tracked stages of the star cycle

• Tracked cycles of the Moon

 

What is the heliocentric view?

• A sun-centered solar system

• A Earth-centered solar system

• A Moon-centered solar system

• A Star-centered solar system

Which astronomer of antiquity measured the size of the earth?

• Aristarchus

• Ptolemy

• Copernicus

• Eratosthenes