Understanding Mutations

What are the two types of nucleic acids that can undergo mutations?

• Carbohydrates and Lipids

• Proteins and Carbohydrates

• Lipids and Proteins

• RNA and DNA

Which of the following is an example of a neutral mutation?

• A base insertion that shifts the reading frame

• A base deletion that removes an amino acid

• A base change that results in a different amino acid

• A base change that still codes for the same amino acid

What is a frameshift mutation?

• A mutation that duplicates a segment of DNA

• A mutation that deletes a chromosome

• A mutation that substitutes one base for another

• A mutation that changes the reading frame of the genetic code

Which type of mutation involves an extra base being added to the DNA sequence?

• Substitution

• Inversion

• Insertion

• Deletion

What is an example of a chromosomal mutation?

• Point mutation

• Duplication

• Silent mutation

• Frameshift mutation

What is nondisjunction?

• A mutation where a segment of DNA is deleted

• A mutation where an extra base is inserted

• A mutation where chromosomes do not separate properly during meiosis

• A mutation where a base is substituted

How can a mutation be passed down to offspring in fruit flies?

• Through binary fission

• Through asexual reproduction

• Through sexual reproduction

• Through mitosis

What protein is affected in sickle cell anemia?

• Hemoglobin

• Insulin

• Keratin

• Collagen

What is the result of inheriting two copies of the mutated gene for sickle cell anemia?

• The individual will have no symptoms

• The individual will be immune to malaria

• The individual will have sickle cell anemia

• The individual will be a carrier

What advantage do carriers of the sickle cell gene have?

• They cannot contract malaria

• They have less severe symptoms of malaria

• They have no advantage

• They are immune to malaria