Quiz on Dark Matter and Dark Energy

What is cosmology?

• The study of human cultures

• The study of the universe as a single physical object

• The study of stars and planets

• The study of Earth's atmosphere

Answer explanation

Cosmology is the study of the universe as a single physical object, focusing on its origins, evolution, and eventual fate.

Who discovered that galaxies exist and are receding away from us?

• Edwin Hubble

• Galileo Galilei

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

Answer explanation

Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies exist and are receding away from us.

What does the big bang theory state?

• The universe is shrinking

• The universe has always been the same size

• The universe is static and unchanging

• The universe was smaller, hotter, and denser a long time ago

Answer explanation

The big bang theory states that the universe was smaller, hotter, and denser a long time ago.

When was dark matter discovered?

• In the 1970s

• In the 1920s

• In the 2000s

• In the 1990s

Answer explanation

Dark matter was discovered in the 1970s, making the correct answer choice 'In the 1970s'.

What percentage of the universe's mass energy is made up of dark energy?

• 80%

• 50%

• 60%

• 70%

Answer explanation

Dark energy makes up 70% of the universe's mass energy, as stated in the question.

What is the age of the universe according to modern cosmology?

• 15.77 billion years

• 13.77 billion years

• 12.77 billion years

• 10.77 billion years

Answer explanation

According to modern cosmology, the age of the universe is 13.77 billion years, which is the correct choice.

What did the PANTHEON+ survey measure?

• The positions of about 1,500 supernovae

• The temperature of the universe

• The speed of light

• The size of galaxies

Answer explanation

The PANTHEON+ survey measured the positions of about 1,500 supernovae, making it the correct choice.

What is dark matter made of?

• Ordinary matter

• Light particles

• Antimatter

• A new kind of particle with a mysterious identity

Answer explanation

Dark matter is believed to be made of a new kind of particle with a mysterious identity, different from ordinary matter, light particles, or antimatter.

What did two teams of astronomers discover in the late 1990s?

• The universe is static

• The universe's expansion is accelerating

• The universe is cooling down

• The universe is contracting

Answer explanation

Two teams of astronomers discovered in the late 1990s that the universe's expansion is accelerating.

What is the main goal of modern cosmology?

• To study black holes

• To measure the properties of dark matter and dark energy precisely

• To find new planets

• To explore the solar system

Answer explanation

The main goal of modern cosmology is to measure the properties of dark matter and dark energy precisely.