Quiz on Parts of Speech

According to Hockett (1958), what is the definition of parts of speech?

• Words that have similar morphological and syntactic characteristics

• Words that have different meanings

• Words that are difficult to classify

• Words that are only found in Latin and Greek languages

In the Amsterdam Typology approach, how are parts of speech primarily identified?

• Based on their typical grammatical functions

• Based on their historical origins

• Based on their length in syllables

• Based on their alphabetical order

According to Petra Vogel (2000), how are languages classified based on the grammaticalization of parts of speech?

• Prepositional languages and conjunctional languages

• Subject-predicate languages and object-complement languages

• Verb-noun languages and adjective-adverb languages

• Type-token languages and noun-verb languages

What is the main difference between rigid and flexible languages in terms of parts of speech?

• Flexible languages are only spoken in specific regions

• Rigid languages have strict rules for parts of speech, while flexible languages allow more variation

• Flexible languages have fewer parts of speech than rigid languages

• Rigid languages are easier to learn than flexible languages

What is the approach of Tallerman (1998) regarding the classification of languages based on parts of speech?

• Languages with longer words are considered inflectional, while those with shorter words are non-inflectional

• Languages with morphological characteristics are considered inflectional, while those with syntactic characteristics are non-inflectional

• Languages with more vowels are considered inflectional, while those with more consonants are non-inflectional

• Languages with tonal variations are considered inflectional, while those without tonal variations are non-inflectional

According to the word class hierarchy concept, which of the following sequences represents the order of appearance of parts of speech in a language?

• A → N → V → Adv

• N → V → A → Adv

• V → N → A → Adv

• Adv → A → N → V

In Croft's approach, what are the semantic universals that determine the parts of speech in any language?

• Objects, Properties, Actions

• Reference, Modification, Predication

• Subjects, Verbs, Adjectives

• Entities, Actions, Characteristics

Which markedness pattern indicates the order of singular, plural, dual, and trial numbers in languages like Ainu and Sanskrit?

• Singular < Plural < Dual < Trial

• Dual < Plural < Singular < Trial

• Trial < Dual < Plural < Singular

• Plural < Singular < Trial < Dual

According to the referentiality characteristic, what type of word comes first in terms of specificity?

• Pronouns

• Common Nouns

• Adjectives

• Proper Nouns

What is the main criterion used by some scholars to determine parts of speech in Vietnamese?

• Morphological complexity

• Semantic meaning

• Phonetic structure

• Syntactic function