2023LE_regents prep_retake quiz pt 1

Homeostasis in single-celled organisms is maintained through the proper functioning of

• organelles

• estrogen

• guard cells

• antibodies

In a stable ecosystem, each niche is usually occupied by only one species. The species occupying a particular niche is able to continue to remain there as a direct result of

• ecological succession

• favorable adaptations

• a new mutation

• selective breeding

When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, human skin cells produce the protein melanin. This protein helps protect skin cells from damage caused by UV light. This is an example of

• a gene that cannot be passed on to offspring

• natural selection producing a new species

• sexual reproduction that will produce variation

• environmental factors affecting gene expression

The human pancreas contains cells that secrete insulin. Only these cells produce insulin because

• cells eliminate the parts of the genetic code they do not use

• all other cells lack the genes for insulin production

• different cells use different parts of the genetic information that they contain

• they are the only cells associated with the digestion of sugar

In humans, two organ systems work together to move oxygen throughout the body and deliver it to cells. Which system directly delivers oxygen to body cells?

• nervous

• digestive

• respiratory

• circulatory

Currently, turtle populations are decreasing. In

September 2018, a scientist stated that turtles

contribute to the health of many environments,

and the decline of the turtles may lead to negative

effects on other species.

Which statement best summarizes the scientist’s statement?

• Living organisms interact with and are dependent on their environment and each other.

• Turtles are very large animals and thus have a negative effect on their environment wherever they live.

• If organisms have a negative effect on their environment, there is probably a technological fix available.

• The decline of the turtles will not really matter because relatively few humans rely on them for food.

Which set of substances are molecular building blocks that directly form some of the complex organic molecules present in humans?

• water and oxygen

• starch and nitrogen

• carbon dioxide and proteins

• glucose and amino acids

Approximately 44% of the world’s fish produced for human consumption comes from

aquaculture, which is the farming of fish and other aquatic organisms. This practice has

increased the food supply and has also allowed over-fished wild populations to increase. As

a result of genetic modification, farm-raised fish usually grow faster and are typically larger

than those in the wild.

However, there are some negative environmental effects associated with fish farming. Sea

lice, a parasite of salmon, have spread quickly through some farms and have also been found

in waters around the farms. Farm-raised fish sometimes escape through breaks in the sea

cages. There is a concern that these escaped fish could negatively affect ocean ecosystems.

Researchers are studying methods that can be used to reduce the possible negative

effects of fish farming. Improvements in engineering could make the sea cages where the

farmed fish are raised more secure. Another suggestion involves raising farmed fish that have

extra chromosomes. This would prevent them from reproducing with wild fish that have the

normal number of chromosomes.

Describe one advantage of raising fish in a fish farm.

(a)  

Approximately 44% of the world’s fish produced for human consumption comes from

aquaculture, which is the farming of fish and other aquatic organisms. This practice has

increased the food supply and has also allowed over-fished wild populations to increase. As

a result of genetic modification, farm-raised fish usually grow faster and are typically larger

than those in the wild.

However, there are some negative environmental effects associated with fish farming. Sea

lice, a parasite of salmon, have spread quickly through some farms and have also been found

in waters around the farms. Farm-raised fish sometimes escape through breaks in the sea

cages. There is a concern that these escaped fish could negatively affect ocean ecosystems.

Researchers are studying methods that can be used to reduce the possible negative

effects of fish farming. Improvements in engineering could make the sea cages where the

farmed fish are raised more secure. Another suggestion involves raising farmed fish that have

extra chromosomes. This would prevent them from reproducing with wild fish that have the

normal number of chromosomes.

Bases of the reading, What are the positives and negatives of Farm Fishing?

Groups:

(a) Positive

,

(b) Negative

• larger

• fish escape

• Sea Lice

• grow faster

• More food