Biology Quiz

A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated below. Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant. What substance did the plant most likely absorb from the water for the process that produces the oxygen gas?

• dissolved nitrogen

• carbon dioxide

• an enzyme

• a hormone

The diagram below represents a cell. Which statement concerning ATP and activity within the cell is correct?

• The absorption of ATP occurs at structure A.

• The synthesis of ATP occurs within structure B.

• ATP is produced most efficiently by structure C.

• The template for ATP is found in structure D.

Which statement concerning the producers in the ocean ecosystem shown below is correct?

• An increase in the types of producers will most likely decrease the available energy for the squid.

• A producer in this ecosystem is the zooplankton.

• If all the producers in this ecosystem are destroyed, the number of heterotrophs will increase, but the ecosystem will reach a new equilibrium.

• Since there is only one group of producers, their numbers must be large enough to supply the energy for the rest of the food web.

A partial food web is represented in the diagram below. Letter X most likely represents

• autotrophs

• carnivores

• decomposers

• parasites

The diagram below represents a food web composed of producers, consumers, and decomposers. Which group would represent the decomposer organisms?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The flow of energy through an ecosystem involves many energy transfers. The diagram below summarizes the transfer of energy that eventually powers muscle activity. The process of cellular respiration is represented by:

• arrow A, only

• arrow B, only

• arrow C, only

• arrows A, B, and C

What substance could be represented by the letter X in the diagram below?

• carbohydrates

• ozone

• carbon dioxide

• water

Which statement best describes a current understanding of natural selection?

• Natural selection influences the frequency of an adaptation in a population.

• Natural selection has been discarded as an important concept in evolution.

• Changes in gene frequencies due to natural selection have little effect on the evolution of species.

• New mutations of genetic material are due to natural selection.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.

When a particular white moth lands on a white birch tree, its color has a high adaptive value. If the birch trees become covered with black soot, the white color of this particular moth in this environment would most likely

• retain its adaptive value

• increase in adaptive value

• change to a more adaptive black color

• decrease in adaptive value