Quiz on Moral Character and Virtues

What does the term 'Character' refer to in Ethics?

• D. A linguistic history

• B. A distinct mark to distinguish one thing from another

• C. A blend of qualities that distinguish one person from another

• A. A mark impressed upon a coin

According to Aristotle, what are the two distinct human excellences?

• D. Integrity and loyalty

• B. Virtues and vices

• A. Courage and fortitude

• C. Excellences of thought and character

What are virtues according to the Latin term 'virtus'?

• B. Negative character traits

• A. Traits of excellence including moral, social, or intellectual traits

• C. Faults or defects in a person's character

• D. Immoral or wicked behavior

What is the main difference between virtues and vices?

• D. Virtues are associated with guilt, vices are associated with praise

• C. Virtues are defects, vices are traits of excellence

• B. Virtues are immoral behaviors, vices are moral behaviors

• A. Virtues deserve a positive reactive attitude, vices deserve a negative reactive attitude

Who proposed the theory of stages of moral development?

• A. Jean Piaget

• D. Socrates

• B. Aristotle

• C. Lawrence Kohlberg

In which stage of moral development do individuals seek approval from important others like parents and teachers?

• A. Stage 1 - Obedience and Punishment Orientation

• D. Stage 4 - Law and Order Thinking

• B. Stage 2 - Individualism and Exchange

• C. Stage 3 - Good Interpersonal Relationship

What is the motto associated with Stage 2 of Pre-conventional Morality?

• A. 'Might makes right'

• B. 'What's in it for me?'

• C. 'I want to be nice'

• D. 'I'll do my duty'

At what age range is Stage 4 - Law and Order Thinking observed?

• D. 16 years old and older

• A. Preschool children

• B. Ages 1-5

• C. Ages 8-16

What is the main criticism of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

• D. It does not involve storytelling techniques

• C. It is biased towards women's morality

• B. It lacks artificial dilemmas

• A. It is based on an all-male sample

What is the highest level of moral development according to Kohlberg's theory?

• A. Level 1 - Pre-conventional Morality

• B. Stage 3 - Good Interpersonal Relationship

• C. Stage 6 - Deciding on basic moral principles

• D. Level 2 - Conventional Morality