Thermodynamics Quiz

Which of the following processes is NOT one of the thermodynamic processes mentioned in the learning material?

• Isovolumetric

• Isobaric

• Isothermal

• Isotonic

What does thermodynamics deal with?

• The relationships between heat, work, temperature, and energy

• The study of motion and forces

• The behavior of electrical circuits

• The properties of light and optics

What does the first law of thermodynamics state?

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed

• The amount of thermal energy given to a system is used to increase that system's internal energy and to do work

• The entropy of a system always increases

• Energy is always conserved in a closed system

What does the second law of thermodynamics place limitations on?

• The speed of light

• The amount of thermal energy that can be transferred into mechanical work

• The conservation of momentum

• The behavior of gases under pressure

What is the internal energy of a gas defined as in Chapter 7?

• The total random kinetic energy of the particles of the gas plus the potential energy associated with the intermolecular forces.

• The total potential energy of the particles of the gas.

• The total kinetic energy of the particles of the gas minus the potential energy associated with the intermolecular forces.

• The total random kinetic energy of the particles of the gas only.

What is the formula for the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas?

• \( \frac{3}{2} k_B T \)

• \( k_B T \)

• \( \frac{1}{2} k_B T \)

• \( 2 k_B T \)

What is the value of the Boltzmann constant \( k_B \)?

• \( 1.38 \times 10^{-23} \, J \, K^{-1} \)

• \( 1.38 \times 10^{-20} \, J \, K^{-1} \)

• \( 1.38 \times 10^{-23} \, J \, K \)

• \( 1.38 \times 10^{-20} \, J \, K \)

What does the formula \( U = \frac{3}{2} N k_B T \) show about the internal energy of an ideal gas?

• It is directly proportional to the (kelvin) temperature.

• It is inversely proportional to the (kelvin) temperature.

• It is independent of the (kelvin) temperature.

• It is directly proportional to the pressure.

What is the relationship between the internal energy \( U \) and the number of moles \( n \) in an ideal gas?

• \( U = \frac{3}{2} nRT \)

• \( U = nRT \)

• \( U = \frac{1}{2} nRT \)

• \( U = 2nRT \)

What is the formula for the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a monatomic gas?

• ΔU = 2/3 nRΔT

• ΔU = 3/2 nRΔT

• ΔU = nRΔT

• ΔU = 1/2 nRΔT