Cells and Methods to Observe Them

In cell staining, what type of stains is safranin used for?

• Primary stain for Gram-negative bacteria along with acid-fast staining

• Counterstain for Gram-positive bacteria along with acid-fast staining

• Used for highlighting fungi along with endospore staining

• Counterstain for Gram-negative bacteria along with endospore staining

The shape of the bacteria pictured can be described as what?

• bacilli
• spirilla
• streptococci
• cocci

Peptidoglycan are found in what structure of bacteria?

• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondria
• Cell wall
• Endoplasmic reticulum

Saying that a bacteria is pleomorphic means what in microbiology?

• It refers to a type of virus.
• It can exist in multiple shapes or forms.
• It can only exist in one specific shape.
• It means the bacteria is harmless.

The vertical scaffolding found in gram positive bacteria is referred to as

• Cell membrane
• Teichoic acid

• Lipopolysaccharide layer
• Flagella

Gram positive bacteria have a pronounced ___ layer whereas gram negatives contain ___.

• lipopolysaccharide, thick peptidoglycan layer
• cellulose, lipid bilayer
• chitin, protein coat
• peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide

What type of staining is this? "Apply crystal violet stain, Add iodine solution, Wash with alcohol, Counterstain with safranin."

• Gram staining
• Simple staining
• Endospore staining
• Acid-fast staining

Endospores describe ___ whereas vegetative cells are ___.

• dormant and resistant, actively growing and metabolizing
• active and dormant, resistant and metabolizing
• dormant and growing, resistant and metabolizing
• dormant and active, resistant and metabolizing

Motile cells use what to help them propel through an environment?

• lysosomes or peroxisomes
• mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum
• flagella or cilia
• ribosomes or golgi apparatus

What is the significance of Diaminopimelic acid?

• It is a common ingredient in household cleaning products.
• It is used as a sweetening agent in food products.
• It is a key component of the bacterial cell wall, specifically in Gram-negative bacteria.
• It is a primary component of human hair.