Unit 4 Central Dogma (DNA/RNA/Protein)

______is a molecule that carries genetic information in all living organisms. A long, double-stranded helix that is made up of smaller units called nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine

• DNA, (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

• RNA, (Ribonucleic Acid)

• Chromosome

• Codon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

________is an essential molecule in biology that plays a vital role in the process of gene expression and protein synthesis in cells. Without it the information stored in the DNA would not be able to be translated into proteins, which are essential for the functioning of all living organisms.

• Amino acid

• DNA, (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

• RNA, (Ribonucleic Acid)

• Gene

___________are long thread-like structures made up of DNA and protein that are found in the nucleus of every cell in our body. These structures are essential for the organization and storage of our genetic information.

_______a fundamental unit of heredity that is responsible for the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. They are made up of DNA and are located on chromosomes within the nucleus of a cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

______is a sequence of three nucleotides that encodes a specific amino acid or signals the termination of protein translation. The _____ sequence dictates the order in which amino acids are added to the growing protein chain, ultimately determining the structure and function of the protein produced.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

______is a fundamental process in biology where a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA in order to pass it on to its daughter cells. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information, essential for the growth, development, and reproduction of organisms.

• RNA Translation

  
  

• DNA Replication

• DNA Transcription

• Chromosome

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

_______ ______is a crucial process in biology where the information stored in the DNA is transferred into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. It involves the synthesis of mRNA by RNA polymerase from a DNA template strand, resulting in the creation of a complementary mRNA strand.

• Gene

• RNA Translation

• Codon

  
  

• DNA Transcription

____ ____is a vital process in biology where the genetic information stored in messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules is decoded to produce proteins. This process occurs in ribosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis.

• RNA Translation

• DNA Replication

• DNA Translation

• RNA Replication

____ ____ are the building blocks of proteins and play a crucial role in various biological processes. These organic compounds contain both an amine group and a carboxyl group, and are characterized by a common structure of a central carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain known as an R group.

• Chromosome

• DNA Replication

• DNA Transcription

• Amino acid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What is being depicted in the image?

• RNA

• Amino acid

  
  

• Chromosome

• Codon

  
  

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6