RECAP FOR MODULES 2-3

The term "philosophy" originates from the Greek words "philos" and "sophia." What does this etymology suggest about the nature of philosophical inquiry?

• A. Philosophy is primarily concerned with scientific experimentation.

• B. Philosophy focuses on the practical application of technical skills.

• C. Philosophy involves a profound appreciation for knowledge and understanding.

• D. Philosophy is centered on the accumulation of material wealth.

How does the etymology of "philosophy" as the "love of wisdom" influence the approach that philosophers take in their inquiries?

• A. Philosophers prioritize empirical data over theoretical considerations.

• B. Philosophers seek to understand and explore rather than simply accept or reject ideas.

• C. Philosophers limit their studies to physical sciences exclusively.

• D. Philosophers avoid abstract thinking and focus solely on practical matters.

Why might philosophy be described as a "life-long search" rather than a pursuit with a definitive end?

• A. Because philosophical questions are easily answered with empirical evidence.

• B. Because new insights and perspectives continuously emerge, challenging our understanding.

• C. . Because philosophy is only concerned with historical knowledge.

• D. Because philosophy seeks to confirm established truths without questioning them.

How might the idea that "Man is conditioned in his thinking and behavior" challenge the pursuit of personal meaning and purpose?

• A) It suggests that individuals possess inherent self-knowledge.

• B) It implies that behavior is determined by external factors rather than personal choices.

• C) It indicates that inherited knowledge provides a sense of identity.

• D) It asserts that people gain knowledge without questioning or thinking.

In what way does the assertion "Man is conditioned in his thinking and behavior" underscore the importance of critical thinking in the search for personal meaning?

• A) It highlights the role of self-awareness in overcoming external influences.

• B) It shows that inherited knowledge alone is sufficient for understanding oneself.

• C) It suggests that personal meaning is derived from unquestioned traditions.

• D) It implies that true purpose is found through conformity to societal norms.

How might the statement "Man’s inherited knowledge makes him, literally, at home with himself" influence one's approach to seeking personal meaning and purpose?

• A) It promotes a passive acceptance of existing beliefs and values.

• B) It encourages questioning and revising inherited knowledge.

• C) It implies that personal meaning is static and unchangeable.

• D) It suggests that true self-knowledge comes from external sources.

Which of the following best explains the primary focus of Pre-Socratic philosophers compared to later philosophers like Plato and Aristotle?

• A. Pre-Socratic philosophers focused mainly on ethical and political philosophy, while Plato and Aristotle concentrated on natural science.

• B. Pre-Socratic philosophers sought naturalistic explanations for physical phenomena, whereas Plato and Aristotle were more interested in abstract metaphysical concepts

• C. Pre-Socratic philosophers developed complex logical systems, while Plato and Aristotle focused on simple observations.

• Aristotle pursued scientific explanations.

How might the approach of Pre-Socratic philosophers to explaining physical phenomena be applied in modern scientific inquiry?

• A. By seeking supernatural explanations for natural events.

• B. By developing independent and original schools of thought unrelated to empirical evidence.

• C. By using observation and reason to find natural causes for events rather than relying on mythology or religion.

• D. By focusing solely on abstract theoretical questions without considering empirical data.

How did the Pre-Socratic philosophers' emphasis on naturalistic explanations influence the development of scientific thought?

• A. Their focus on mythology hindered the development of empirical science.

• B. Their pursuit of naturalistic explanations laid the groundwork for the scientific method and encouraged future inquiry into natural phenomena.

• C. Their disregard for empirical observation limited their influence on later scientific developments.

• D. Their work was entirely separate from the field of science and had no impact on its evolution.

Thales proposed that water is the fundamental substance from which everything originates. Which of the following philosophical implications could be derived from Thales' assertion?

A) Water is the most essential element for human survival.

• A) Water is the most essential element for human survival.

• B) All material substances can be reduced to a single primary substance.

• C) Water possesses mystical properties that transcend ordinary matter.

• D) The physical properties of water are entirely different from those of other substances.