8th and 9th: Cell Cycle + Immune system

An abnormal mass of cancer cells is called a 

• tumor
• cyst
• lesion
• polyp

Cancer creates abnormal cells by disrupting

• the cell cycle
• red blood cell formation
• DNA replication
• ATP synthesis

Cancer is

• a premature stop in the cell cycle.
• uncontrolled mitosis.
• programmed cell death.

Cell cycle checkpoints are able to stop mutated cells. Mutated cells are cancerous. If the checkpoints are damaged, they are unable destroy (stop) cancerous cells from dividing. Compared to normal cell division,

• cancer cell cycle is faster

• cancer cell cycle is uncontrollable

• cancer cell is continous

• all of the above

Cancer cells are continually dividing. Because of this drugs used to treat cancer stop

• photosynthesis

• transcription

• mitosis (cell division)

• blocking proteins released by cancer cells

• cellular respiration

What is the primary role of tumor suppressor genes in mitosis

• Encouraging tumor growth

• Stopping cell division (mitosis), and preventing cancerous cells from spreading

• Enhancing the immune system's ability to attack tumors

• Promoting the mutation of cancer cells

According to the new research by Stephen Elledge, what new action can mutated tumor suppressor genes perform?

• Encouraging cell death (apoptosis)

• Preventing the body's immune system from spotting and destroying cancer cells

• Enhancing the immune system's ability to attack tumors

• Promoting the mutation of cancer cells

True or False: Cancer cell release proteins that switch off immune system

• True

• False

Dr. Elledge is studying cancer treatments and comes across checkpoint inhibitors. What is the main function of checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment?

• Blocking cell growth and preventing cancerous cells from spreading

• Encouraging tumor growth

• Blocks proteins released by cancerous cells, and activates the immune system

• Promoting the mutation of cancer cells

What is the significance of the new findings by Stephen Elledge's team regarding tumor suppressor genes?

• They show that tumors have fewer genetic tricks for fighting off the immune system than previously thought.

• They reveal that tumors have more genetic tricks for fighting off the immune system than previously thought.

• They indicate that tumor suppressor genes do not play a role in cancer growth.

• They suggest that tumor suppressor genes enhance the immune system's ability to attack tumors.