Immune System Basics

What is the main function of the immune system?

• To make coffee

• To predict the weather

• To count calories

• To protect the body from harmful pathogens

What are the two main types of immunity?

• natural immunity and artificial immunity

• innate immunity and humoral immunity

• passive immunity and acquired immunity

• innate immunity and adaptive immunity

What are antibodies and how do they work?

• Antibodies are small molecules that neutralize toxins in the body.

• Antibodies are carbohydrates that inhibit the immune response.

• Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that recognize and bind to specific antigens, marking them for destruction.

• Antibodies are produced by the digestive system to aid in nutrient absorption.

Explain the difference between innate and adaptive immunity.

• Innate immunity is non-specific and the body's first line of defense, while adaptive immunity is specific and develops over time.

• Innate immunity does not involve memory cells, while adaptive immunity does.

• Innate immunity is acquired through exposure, while adaptive immunity is present at birth.

• Innate immunity is specific to pathogens, while adaptive immunity is non-specific.

What is the role of white blood cells in the immune system?

• White blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen in the body.

• White blood cells help with digestion by breaking down food particles.

• White blood cells produce insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.

• White blood cells defend the body against infections and foreign invaders by identifying and destroying pathogens.

How do vaccines help the immune system?

• Vaccines only work for a short period and then stop providing immunity

• Vaccines introduce a part of a pathogen to trigger the immune response and produce antibodies, providing immunity.

• Vaccines weaken the immune system by introducing harmful pathogens

• Vaccines have no impact on the immune system

What is the purpose of inflammation in the immune response?

• Inflammation aims to weaken the immune system

• Inflammation is meant to spread pathogens throughout the body

• The purpose of inflammation in the immune response is to localize and eliminate pathogens, clear out damaged tissues, and initiate the healing process.

• Inflammation is designed to accelerate tissue damage

Describe the process of phagocytosis in the immune system.

• Phagocytosis is the process by which phagocytes engulf and digest foreign particles or pathogens in the immune system.

• Phagocytosis is a process that occurs in the digestive system

• Phagocytosis involves the production of antibodies

• Phagocytosis is the process of releasing toxins into the body

What are some common diseases caused by a weakened immune system?

• Influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, certain types of cancer

• Common cold, chickenpox, strep throat

How does stress affect the immune system?

• Stress enhances the immune system by reducing inflammation

• Stress has no impact on the immune system

• Stress boosts the immune system by increasing the production of white blood cells

• Stress weakens the immune system by releasing stress hormones like cortisol, which can suppress its effectiveness.