Hydrocarbon Basics

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH2n-2

• CnH2n

• CnH2n+1

• CnH2n+2

Name the simplest alkane.

• Butane

• Ethane

• Propane

• Methane

What is the name of the process by which alkanes are converted into alkenes?

• Oxidation

• Isomerization

• Hydrogenation

• Dehydrogenation or elimination reaction

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

• Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons are more reactive than unsaturated hydrocarbons.

• Saturated hydrocarbons are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated hydrocarbons are liquid.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have triple bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double bonds.

Give an example of an aromatic hydrocarbon.

• Methane

• Toluene

• Ethanol

• Benzene

What is the structure of a benzene molecule?

• Linear chain with alternating single and double bonds between carbon atoms

• Square ring with alternating single and triple bonds between carbon atoms

• Hexagonal ring with alternating single and double bonds between carbon atoms

• Pentagonal ring with alternating single and double bonds between carbon atoms

How many carbon atoms are present in a butane molecule?

• 3

• 5

• 6

• 4

What is the name of the functional group present in alcohols?

• Carbonyl group

• Amino group

• Hydroxyl group

• Ester group

What is the difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols?

• Tertiary alcohols have four carbons attached

• Secondary alcohols have one carbon attached

• Primary alcohols have two carbons attached to the carbon with the -OH group

• Primary alcohols have one carbon attached to the carbon with the -OH group, secondary alcohols have two carbons attached, and tertiary alcohols have three carbons attached.

What is the general formula for alkynes?

• CnH2n-2

• CnH2n+2

• CnH2n-4

• CnH2n