What was the widely accepted belief about Earth's composition five centuries ago?

• It was made of multiple layers.

• It was a flat surface.

• It was hollow inside.

• It was a sphere of uniform rock.

Who calculated that Earth's interior must be denser than its surface?

• Galileo Galilei

• Sir Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

• Charles Darwin

What method did scientists in the early 1900s use to study Earth's interior?

• Seismic wave data

• Satellite imaging

• Drilling deep holes

• Magnetic field analysis

Which layer of Earth is compared to the shell of an egg?

• Asthenosphere

• Core

• Mantle

• Crust

What are the main elements found in Earth's crust?

• Iron, nickel, sulfur, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, aluminum, and calcium

• Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, and sodium

• Hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, magnesium, and silicon

• Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium

What is the ductile zone in the upper mantle called?

• Mesosphere

• Asthenosphere

• Lithosphere

• Outer core

What is the primary composition of Earth's core?

• Silicate rocks

• Metallic iron alloy

• Basaltic rocks

• Granitic rocks

What generates Earth's magnetic field?

• The liquid outer core

• The solid inner core

• The mantle

• The crust

What is the rigid layer of rock that includes the crust and the uppermost mantle called?

• Asthenosphere

• Lithosphere

• Mesosphere

• Outer core

What drives the process of plate tectonics?

• Wind currents

• Magnetic fields

• Solar energy

• Convection currents