Genetics Quiz

Which of the following best describes genetic variation?

• Differences in DNA sequences among individuals

• The process of DNA replication

• The expression of genes in an organism

• The occurrence of genetic disorders

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Which of the following is a common genetic disorder caused by a single gene mutation?

• Down syndrome

• Cystic fibrosis

• Turner syndrome

• Klinefelter syndrome

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During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• Primase

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Which of the following processes is involved in gene expression?

• Transcription and translation

• DNA replication

• Genetic recombination

• Chromosome segregation

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Which technique is commonly used in genetic engineering to cut DNA at specific sequences?

• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

• Gel electrophoresis

• CRISPR-Cas9

• DNA sequencing

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What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

• Mutations

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

• Gene flow

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Which genetic disorder is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21?

• Turner syndrome

• Down syndrome

• Huntington's disease

• Sickle cell anemia

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In DNA replication, which enzyme adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand?

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• Primase

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Which molecule carries the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm?

• tRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

• DNA

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Which of the following is a potential benefit of genetic engineering?

• Increased genetic disorders

• Reduced crop yields

• Development of disease-resistant plants

• Decreased biodiversity

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