Cognitive Approches to Grammar Instruction

What is selective perception?

• The ability to remember information for a long time.

• The skill to focus on important stimuli while ignoring others.

• The process of receiving sensory information.

What is the main difference between short-term memory and long-term memory?

• Short-term memory holds information for seconds or minutes, while long-term memory can hold information for years.

• Short-term memory is unlimited, while long-term memory is limited.

• There is no difference between the two.

What is implicit knowledge?

• Knowledge gained consciously and deliberately.

• Knowledge gained unconsciously and automatically.

• Knowledge that is quickly forgotten.

What role does sensory perception play in learning?

• It has no role.

• It is crucial for receiving and processing information from the environment.

• It is only important in childhood.

What is short-term memory?

• The ability to remember information for many years.

• The ability to remember information for a brief period.

• The ability to forget information quickly.

What are learning strategies?

• Methods to forget information.

• Ways to distract oneself during study.

• Techniques used to help learn and retain information.

What is conscious encoding?

• The process of storing information without realizing it.

• The process of storing information deliberately and consciously.

• The process of forgetting information quickly.

What is interlanguage?

• The internal language system of a person learning a second language.

• A regional dialect.

• An invented language.

What is explicit knowledge?

• Knowledge acquired unconsciously.

• Knowledge acquired consciously and can be verbalized.

• Knowledge that is quickly forgotten.

How do cognitive approaches to grammar instruction benefit learning?

• By ignoring natural mental processes.

• By focusing only on rote memorization.

• By aligning with natural mental processes, they make learning grammar more effective and fluent.