Chemistry 12: Organic Chemistry

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH2n-2

• CnH2n+2

• CnH2n+4

• CnH2n

What is the name of the functional group in alcohols?

• hydroxyl group

• sulfhydryl group

• amine group

• carbonyl group

Define isomerism in organic chemistry.

• Isomerism is when compounds have different molecular formulas but the same structural arrangements.

• Isomerism only occurs in inorganic chemistry, not organic chemistry.

• Isomerism refers to compounds with the same molecular formula and identical structural arrangements.

• Isomerism in organic chemistry is when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial orientations of atoms.

Explain the concept of chirality in organic molecules.

• Chirality is the property of having a superimposable mirror image in organic molecules.

• Enantiomers are identical molecules with the same physical and chemical properties.

• Chirality only occurs in inorganic compounds, not organic molecules.

• Chirality in organic molecules is the property of having a non-superimposable mirror image due to four different groups attached to a central carbon atom, resulting in enantiomers.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

• Saturated hydrocarbons are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated hydrocarbons are gaseous.

• Saturated hydrocarbons are more reactive than unsaturated hydrocarbons.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have triple bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds.

Discuss the importance of resonance in organic chemistry.

• Resonance is only relevant in theoretical studies

• Resonance has no impact on organic chemistry

• Resonance is crucial in understanding stability, reactivity, and behavior of molecules in organic chemistry.

• Resonance only affects inorganic compounds

What are the major types of organic reactions?

• Combustion, condensation, polymerization

• Oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis

• Decomposition, neutralization, saponification

• Substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement

What is the role of catalysts in organic reactions?

• Catalysts have no effect on the rate of organic reactions

• Catalysts change the final products of organic reactions

• Catalysts increase the rate of organic reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy.

• Catalysts slow down organic reactions by increasing the activation energy

Explain the concept of electrophilic addition in organic chemistry.

• Electrophilic addition is a process that only occurs in inorganic chemistry.

• Electrophilic addition involves the reaction of a nucleophile with a nucleophile.

• Electrophilic addition in organic chemistry involves the reaction of an electrophile with a nucleophile to form a new bond.

• Electrophilic addition results in the removal of a bond between two atoms.

Discuss the significance of polymers in organic chemistry.

• Polymers are not composed of repeating units

• Polymers have no practical applications in organic chemistry

• Polymers are only used in inorganic chemistry

• Polymers are essential in organic chemistry for their versatility and utility in creating a wide array of materials with unique properties.