Protein Structure Techniques

What is the primary technique used to determine protein structures at atomic resolution?

• Mass spectrometry

• Nuclear magnetic resonance

• Electron microscopy

• X-ray crystallography

Which technique involves the use of strong magnetic fields and radio waves to study protein structures?

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

• Ultrasound Imaging

• Computed Tomography (CT)

• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

What is the main advantage of cryo-electron microscopy in protein structure determination?

• Requires a large amount of sample material

• Visualization of protein structures at near-atomic resolution without the need for crystallization

• Limited to studying only small proteins

• Inability to capture dynamic protein movements

Which technique is commonly used to determine the 3D structure of large protein complexes?

• X-ray crystallography

• Mass spectrometry

• Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM)

• Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

What is the name of the process used to determine the arrangement of atoms in a crystal using X-rays?

• X-ray diffraction

• X-ray crystallography

• Atomic arrangement determination

• Crystal analysis

In NMR spectroscopy, what does the chemical shift of a nucleus depend on?

• Time and distance

• Atomic number and mass

• Local magnetic field and electron density

• Temperature and pressure

What is the term for the process of freezing biological samples in cryo-EM?

• vitrification

• freezing

• sublimation

• solidification

Which technique allows for the visualization of protein structures without the need for crystallization?

• X-ray crystallography

• Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM)

• Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)

• Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

What is the resolution limit of X-ray crystallography in determining protein structures?

• 1.0 - 1.5 angstroms

• 2.5 - 3.0 angstroms

• 3.0 - 3.5 angstroms

• 1.5 - 2.0 angstroms

What is the main challenge faced in determining protein structures using NMR spectroscopy?

• Complexity of data analysis and requirement for sophisticated computational methods

• Incompatibility with other structural biology methods

• Limited sample preparation techniques

• Lack of available NMR instruments