Chapter 1 What is Law

Human Rights

• basic rights all human beings are born with.

• a recent concept in human history.

• are granted by governments.

• are only applicable to certain groups of people.

Reservations

• Include irrelevant information like favorite color
• Submit a drawing instead of personal information
• Provide only desired dates without any specific requests
• Exceptions built into laws that prohibit it from being enforced to the fullest extent.

Criminal Law

• law that relates to crime.

• is not concerned with punishment for illegal activities.

• only applies to minor offenses.

• the body of law that relates to civil cases.

Felonies

• civil disputes that do not involve criminal charges.

• minor offenses with lenient punishments.

• serious crimes that typically result in 1 or more years in prison/jail.

• Only punishable by fines and community service.

Misdemeanor

• a serious crime

• a civil offense

• 
  minor crimes that typically result in less than 1 year in prison/jail.

• equivalent to a felony

Civil Law

• Legal system based on unwritten laws
• Legal system based on religious texts
• Legal system based on customs
• Legal system based interactions/relationships between people

Civil Action

• Criminal Lawsuits

• Dispute over property boundaries.
• Negotiation for a business merger.
• Non-Criminal Lawsuits

Defendant

• person or entity who decide cases in a court of law.

• person or entity who represents the plaintiff in court

• person or entity who enforces the law

• person or entity accused of committing a crime

Plaintiff

• A person who files taxes
• A type of flower
• A legal document
• A person who brings a case against another in a court of law.

Define Prosecutor

• a defense attorney

• a judge

• a witness

• a legal representative who presents the case