Enzyme Basics

What is an enzyme?

• An enzyme is a type of planet

• An enzyme is a biological molecule that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms.

• An enzyme is a type of rock

• An enzyme is a type of plant

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

• Enzymes function as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

• Enzymes function as genetic material in DNA replication.

• Enzymes function as structural components of cells.

• Enzymes function as energy storage molecules.

What is the active site of an enzyme?

• The active site of an enzyme is where products are released.

• The active site of an enzyme is where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

• The active site of an enzyme is where cofactors are stored.

• The active site of an enzyme is where inhibitors bind.

What factors can affect enzyme activity?

• Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, presence of inhibitors or activators

• Time of day, Weather conditions, Distance from the equator

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

• Enzymes decrease the concentration of reactants

• Enzymes change the pH of the reaction environment

• Enzymes increase the temperature of the reaction

• Enzymes lower the activation energy barrier for chemical reactions.

What is the lock and key model of enzyme-substrate interaction?

• Enzymes and substrates have identical shapes in the lock and key model

• The lock and key model suggests that enzymes can bind to any substrate regardless of shape

• The lock and key model of enzyme-substrate interaction is based on the concept that enzymes and substrates have specific complementary shapes that fit together.

• Lock and key model proposes that enzymes change shape to fit substrates

What is the induced fit model of enzyme-substrate interaction?

• In the induced fit model, substrates change shape to fit enzymes.

• The induced fit model proposes that enzymes do not interact with substrates.

• The induced fit model suggests that enzymes change shape upon binding to the substrate.

• Enzymes and substrates in the induced fit model do not undergo any changes.

What are cofactors and coenzymes in relation to enzymes?

• Coenzymes are inorganic molecules that assist enzymes in their function.

• Cofactors are inorganic ions or non-protein organic molecules that assist enzymes in their function. Coenzymes are organic molecules that are often derived from vitamins and assist enzymes by transferring chemical groups between molecules.

• Cofactors are only found in plant enzymes.

• Cofactors are proteins that inhibit enzyme activity.

What is enzyme inhibition?

• Enzyme inhibition is a process where a molecule binds to a substrate and decreases its activity.

• Enzyme inhibition is a process where a molecule binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.

• Enzyme inhibition is a process where an enzyme binds to a molecule and increases its activity.

• Enzyme inhibition is a process where a molecule binds to an enzyme and increases its activity.

What are some examples of enzymes and their specific functions?

• Cellulase - breaks down cellulose into amino acids

• Amylase - breaks down starch into sugars, Catalase - converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, Lipase - breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

• Protease - converts proteins into carbohydrates

• Sucrase - converts sucrose into glucose and fructose