Working Memory Model

What is the main difference between the multi-store model of memory and the working memory model?

• The multi-store model includes sensory memory, while the working memory model does not.

• The multi-store model describes short-term memory as a single store, while the working memory model describes it as multiple stores.

• The working memory model includes long-term memory, while the multi-store model does not.

• The multi-store model includes the concept of rehearsal, while the working memory model does not.

Which experiment did Baddeley and Hitch use to demonstrate the existence of separate stores for visual and auditory information in working memory?

• The free recall task

• The serial position effect

• The dual-task technique

• The paired-associate learning task

What is the primary function of the central executive in the working memory model?

• To store visual information

• To rehearse auditory information

• To control attention and coordinate the activities of the sub-systems

• To integrate information from sensory memory into long-term memory

Which of the following best describes the automatic level of attention control in the central executive?

• It creates new strategies when old ones are insufficient.

• It deals with emergency situations and self-regulation.

• It is based on habits and relies on schemas in long-term memory.

• It considers alternative plans of action and chooses the most favorable.

What does the phonological loop consist of?

Which study investigated the influence of articulatory suppression on the recall of phonologically dissimilar letters?

• Baddeley and Hitch (1974)

• Warrington and Shallice (1970)

• Landry and Bartling (2011)

• Vallar and Baddeley (1984)

What does the visuospatial sketchpad do in the working memory model?

• Stores and manipulates visual and spatial information

• Rehearses auditory information

• Integrates information from long-term memory

• Controls attention and decision-making

Which component of the working memory model temporarily holds multiple sources of information active at the same time?

• The central executive

• The phonological loop

• The visuospatial sketchpad

• The episodic buffer

What was the key finding from the case study of patient KF by Warrington and Shallice (1970)?

• KF had impaired visual memory but intact verbal memory.

• KF had impaired verbal memory but intact visual memory.

• KF could not move information from STM to LTM.

• KF's central executive was damaged, but his sub-systems were intact.

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the working memory model?

• The role of the central executive is unclear.

• It only explains short-term memory processes.

• It does not explain the role of emotion in memory formation.

• It provides a clear understanding of long-term memory processes.