USH 2 Industrialization Review

What is the message that this political cartoon is trying to express.

• Foreign competition in the oil industry was hurting American companies

• Government regulations were strangling the Standard Oil Company.

• The best way to develop major industries was to form proprietorships.

• The Standard Oil Company was a harmful monopoly.

Laissez-faire is a French word that means “to let do.” How did laissez-faire politics relate to business principles during the Industrial Revolution and Gilded Age?

• the government made no policies to regulate business principles 

• labor union membership was outlawed

• the government was allowed to implement legislation on businesses as it pleased

• employees could join as many labor unions as they liked

The 1881 cartoon shows one artist’s perspective on the relationship between industry and the government. How does the artist believe industry has affected politics in the United States?

• By expanding the power of political machines.

• By forcing politicians to seek campaign contributions.

• By jeopardizing the legitimacy of the Executive Branch.

• By threatening the independence of the Legislative Branch.

 One reason John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J. Pierpont Morgan were sometimes called robber barons was because they

• stole money from the federal government

• used ruthless business tactics against their competitors

• made unnecessarily risky investments

• robbed from the rich to give to the poor

This philosophy was the belief that natural competition weeds out the weak and the strong will survive.

• Social Pruning

• The Purge

• Social Darwinism

• Social Security

This monopolistic practice involves buying up similar companies to reduce competition.

• Horizontal Integration

• Vertical Integration

• Diagonal Integration

• Hexagonal Integration

This monopolistic business practice involves buying up companies that produce the raw supplies for a product, ultimately creating cheaper prices that can undercut other competitors.

• Horizontal integration

• Vertical Integration

• Diagonal Integration

• Octagonal Integration

Which statement describes how electricity affected industry in the early 1900s

• Factories used electricity to power machines and produce more goods.

• Electricity was so costly to use it drove up prices.

• Electricity was seldom used because coal was so cheap.

• Factories tried to use electricity for their machines but it proved too dangerous.

During the late 1800’s the United States rapidly became an urban nation. One reason for the transformation was:

• Farm machinery and factory production caused the necessity of farm labor to decrease.

• Immigrants were unwilling to do farm labor

• Farm life became extinct

• Many farm workers had not started joining and organizing unions

Which characteristics of the Industrial Revolution contributed to the rise of labor unions?

• The influence of political machines on company towns.

• The results of mass production on agricultural prices.

• The working conditions found in many factories.

• The competition created by immigrant workers.