Equilibrium Constants

What factors can affect the equilibrium of a chemical reaction?

• pH, solubility, mass

• Density, texture, odor

• Temperature, pressure, concentration, catalysts

• Color, time, volume

How does a change in temperature affect the equilibrium constant?

• Increasing temperature always leads to an increase in the equilibrium constant

• Temperature changes only affect the rate of the reaction, not the equilibrium constant

• The equilibrium constant is not affected by temperature changes

• The equilibrium constant is affected by temperature changes based on the reaction's enthalpy (∆H).

Explain Le Chatelier's Principle and its application to equilibrium.

• Le Chatelier's Principle only applies to exothermic reactions

• Le Chatelier's Principle has no impact on equilibrium

• Le Chatelier's Principle helps predict how changes in conditions affect equilibrium position and allows for adjustments to maintain equilibrium.

• Le Chatelier's Principle is used to determine reaction rates

In an acid-base reaction, what happens to the equilibrium when more acid is added?

• The equilibrium becomes more neutral.

• The equilibrium shifts to the left.

• The equilibrium remains unchanged.

• The equilibrium shifts to the right.

What is the relationship between the equilibrium constant and the concentration of reactants and products?

• The equilibrium constant is directly related to the concentrations of reactants and products.

• The equilibrium constant is inversely related to the concentrations of reactants and products.

• The equilibrium constant is only related to the concentration of products.

• The equilibrium constant is not affected by the concentrations of reactants and products.

Describe how the pH of a solution can affect the equilibrium in an acid-base reaction.

• Equilibrium in an acid-base reaction is solely determined by temperature, not pH

• The pH of a solution has no impact on the equilibrium in an acid-base reaction

• Higher pH always leads to the formation of reactants in an acid-base reaction

• The pH of a solution can affect the equilibrium in an acid-base reaction by shifting the reaction towards the side with lower pH, favoring the formation of products.

What role does a catalyst play in altering the equilibrium of a reaction?

• A catalyst slows down the attainment of equilibrium by increasing the activation energy of the forward and reverse reactions.

• A catalyst only affects the forward reaction and not the reverse reaction in altering equilibrium.

• A catalyst has no effect on altering the equilibrium of a reaction.

• A catalyst speeds up the attainment of equilibrium by lowering the activation energy of the forward and reverse reactions.

How does the addition of a neutral substance affect the equilibrium in an acid-base reaction?

• It increases the concentration of the acid.

• It decreases the concentration of the base.

• It shifts the equilibrium to the left.

• It does not affect the equilibrium.

Explain the concept of autoionization of water and its impact on equilibrium in acid-base reactions.

• Autoionization of water involves the formation of sodium and chloride ions, impacting the equilibrium in acid-base reactions.

• Autoionization of water leads to the production of carbon dioxide and oxygen, affecting the equilibrium in acid-base reactions.

• Autoionization of water involves the formation of hydronium (H3O+) and hydroxide (OH-) ions, establishing an equilibrium that can impact the concentration of H+ and OH- ions in acid-base reactions.

• Autoionization of water results in the generation of sulfuric acid and ammonia, influencing the equilibrium in acid-base reactions.

Discuss the significance of equilibrium constants in determining the extent of a chemical reaction.

• Equilibrium constants are used to determine the color of a chemical reaction

• Equilibrium constants help determine whether a reaction favors products or reactants and the extent to which a reaction has occurred.

• Equilibrium constants are only applicable to biological reactions

• Equilibrium constants help in predicting the weather conditions during a reaction