Diabetes in pregnancy

Which type of diabetes is mentioned in the objectives for comparison in pregnancy?

• Type 1 and Type 3 diabetes

• Type 2 and Type 3 diabetes

• Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes

• Type 1 and Type 4 diabetes

Answer explanation

The correct choice is Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes as mentioned in the objectives for comparison in pregnancy.

What is the objective related to the similarities and differences in pregnancy?

• To identify the similarities and differences in the effect and management of women with Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes in pregnancy

• To identify the similarities and differences in carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy

• To identify the similarities and differences in basal metabolic rate in pregnancy

• To identify the similarities and differences in diabetogenic state in pregnancy

Answer explanation

The objective related to the similarities and differences in pregnancy is to identify the similarities and differences in the effect and management of women with Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes in pregnancy.

What type of diabetes is mentioned as a risk factor for mothers and their babies?

• Type 1 diabetes

• Type 2 diabetes

• Gestational diabetes mellitus

• All of the above

Answer explanation

All of the above options - Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and Gestational diabetes mellitus - are mentioned as risk factors for mothers and their babies.

What was the reported proportion of pregnancies affected by diabetes mellitus in 2010?

• 1 in 5

• 1 in 10

• 1 in 15

• 1 in 20

Answer explanation

The reported proportion of pregnancies affected by diabetes mellitus in 2010 was 1 in 20, as indicated by the correct answer choice.

In 2016-17, women aged 45-49 were how many times as likely to be diagnosed with gestational diabetes as women aged 15-19?

• 2 times

• 3 times

• 4 times

• 5 times

Answer explanation

In 2016-17, women aged 45-49 were 4 times as likely to be diagnosed with gestational diabetes as women aged 15-19, making the correct answer 4 times.

What is diabetes mellitus?

• A) A condition where the body produces too much insulin

• B) A condition where the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin properly

• C) A condition where the body produces too much glucose

• D) A condition where the body cannot produce glucose

Answer explanation

Diabetes mellitus is a condition where the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin properly, leading to high blood sugar levels.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of diabetes mellitus?

• A) The body does not produce enough insulin

• B) The body cannot use insulin properly

• C) The body produces too much insulin

• D) The body has difficulty regulating blood sugar levels

Answer explanation

The correct choice is C) The body produces too much insulin, as this is not a characteristic of diabetes mellitus.

Insulin is a naturally occurring hormone in the blood that is necessary for providing our cells with energy to function. Where is insulin produced and by which cells?

• Liver, Hepatocytes

• Pancreas, Beta cells

• Kidneys, Nephrons

• Stomach, Parietal cells

Answer explanation

Insulin is produced by the Beta cells in the pancreas, not in the liver, kidneys, or stomach. Therefore, the correct answer is Pancreas, Beta cells.

Which of the following is NOT a function of insulin?

• Lowering blood glucose levels

• Stimulating glucose uptake by cells

• Increasing blood glucose levels

• Promoting glucose storage in the liver

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Increasing blood glucose levels' because insulin actually works to lower blood glucose levels, stimulate glucose uptake by cells, and promote glucose storage in the liver.

Which of the following is NOT involved in the conversion of glycogen to glucose?

• Epinephrine

• Glucagon

• Insulin

• Glycogenolysis

Answer explanation

Insulin is NOT involved in the conversion of glycogen to glucose. Epinephrine, glucagon, and glycogenolysis play roles in this process.