NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What did the beak type of finches on different islands tell Darwin?

• Finch populations evolved over time to favor beaks based on food type
• Finch populations had not evolved over time
• The finch beaks had no relationship to the available food on the islands
• Humans artificially selected finches based on their desired beak type

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Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

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What is it called when better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to their offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

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Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce:

• Fewer mutations
• Stronger genes
• More offspring
• Better traits

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Darwin referred to this as survival of the fittest. Over time, it results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population because organisms with adaptations that make them fit for their environment will survive and reproduce better than those without favorable traits.

• Natural Selection
• Genetic Variation
• Survival of the Fittest

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which of the following means "genetic change over time"

• natural selection
• speciation
• evolution
• fitness

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A large herd of goats lives in a field full of poison ivy.  Some goats are able to eat the poison ivy while others have become sick when they eat it. Over time the herd as a whole will tend to

• Become more likely to eat poison ivy.
• Become less likely to eat poison ivy.
• Not change in the proportion of goats that can and can not eat poison ivy.
• Eat all the poison ivy and leave only plants all the goats can eat.

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An inherited trait that helps those organisms that have it to survive

• niche

• structure

• characteristic

• adaptation

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1) What would be a positive reason to genetically alter Fraser Fir trees in North Carolina to make them more resistant to rot?

• By producing crops that are frost resistant

• By making robots to replace large farm machines

• The population of fir trees would increase and grow healthier.

• By increasing the use of wind farms that produce electricity

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What is natural selection?

• process in which helpful traits become more common over time

• a trait that helps an organism survive better

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