Unit 9: Thermodynamics Quiz

What is the pressure exerted by a gas on a surface?

• The sum of the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the gas's atoms on the surface

• The ratio of the sum of the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the gas's atoms on the surface to the area of the surface

• The perpendicular force divided by the surface area

• The average kinetic energy of the atoms within the system

Answer explanation

The ratio of the sum of the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the gas's atoms on the surface to the area of the surface

Which principle can be used to analyze collisions involving pairs of atoms or an atom and a fixed object?

• Conservation of energy

• Conservation of momentum

• Conservation of mass

• Conservation of charge

Answer explanation

The correct principle to analyze collisions involving pairs of atoms or an atom and a fixed object is the Conservation of momentum.

What is the unit of pressure?

• Newton's per square meter (N/m^2)

• Joules (J)

• Meters per second (m/s)

• Kilograms (kg)

Answer explanation

The unit of pressure is Newton's per square meter (N/m^2), which is a measure of force per unit area.

Where does pressure exist in a gas?

• Only at the boundary between the gas and the container

• Only at the boundary between the gas and the atmosphere

• Throughout the gas itself

• Only at the surface of the gas

Answer explanation

Pressure exists throughout the gas itself, not just at the boundaries.

How is the temperature of a system characterized?

• By the average kinetic energy of the atoms within the system

• By the total mass of the atoms within the system

• By the volume of the system

• By the pressure exerted by the gas

Answer explanation

The temperature of a system is characterized by the average kinetic energy of the atoms within the system.

What is the relationship between pressure and force?

• Pressure is directly proportional to force

• Pressure is inversely proportional to force

• Pressure and force are unrelated

• Pressure is equal to force

Answer explanation

Pressure is directly proportional to force, meaning as force increases, pressure also increases. This relationship is described by the equation Pressure = Force/Area.

What is the relationship between pressure and surface area?

• Pressure is directly proportional to surface area

• Pressure is inversely proportional to surface area

• Pressure and surface area are unrelated

• Pressure is equal to surface area

Answer explanation

Pressure is inversely proportional to surface area

What happens to the pressure of a gas if the temperature increases?

• The pressure increases

• The pressure decreases

• The pressure remains the same

• The pressure becomes zero

Answer explanation

If the temperature of a gas increases, the pressure also increases due to the gas molecules moving faster and colliding with the container walls more frequently.

What happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume decreases?

• The pressure increases

• The pressure decreases

• The pressure remains the same

• The pressure becomes zero

Answer explanation

When the volume of a gas decreases, the particles are more confined, leading to more frequent collisions with the container walls, resulting in an increase in pressure.

What happens to the temperature of a gas if the volume decreases?

• The temperature increases

• The temperature decreases

• The temperature remains the same

• The temperature becomes zero

Answer explanation

If the volume of a gas decreases, the temperature increases due to the inverse relationship described by Charles's Law.