ES TEST 1 VOCAB

What is the measure of the amount of matter in an object, usually measured in kilograms or grams?

• Temperature

• Mass

• Flux

• Convection

Which term describes a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance?

• Radiation

• Hydrostatic Equilibrium

• Temperature

• Random Walk

What process powers stars, including the Sun, by combining atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

• Nuclear Fusion

• Nuclear Synthesis

• Convection

• Protostar

What is the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or particles, including gamma rays and X-rays, called?

• Convection

• Radiation

• Flux

• Red Giant

What term describes the transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself?

• Convection

• Hydrostatic Equilibrium

• Random Walk

• White Dwarf

What condition keeps a celestial body stable by balancing gravitational force inward and pressure gradient force outward?

• Flux

• Hydrostatic Equilibrium

• Nuclear Synthesis

• Nebula

What is the rate of flow of a property like energy or mass through a surface, often referring to the flow of energy from a star?

• Flux

• Random Walk

• Red Giant

• Protostar

Which term describes a statistical phenomenon where a path consists of a series of random steps?

• Red Giant

• Random Walk

• White Dwarf

• Planetary Nebula

What is the late stage in the life cycle of a star where it expands and cools, causing its outer layers to become more luminous and reddish?

• White Dwarf

• Red Giant

• Protostar

• Nebula

What is a shell of ionized gas ejected from a star in the late stages of its evolution, surrounding a hot core?

• White Dwarf

• Red Giant

• Planetary Nebula

• Protostar