Ch. 2 - Chemistry of Life

_{What particle is found in the nucleus and has no charge?}

• electron
• neutron
• proton
• atom

The 4 macromolecules are

• vitamins, lipids, water, micronutrients
• micronutrients, macronutrients, water, vitamins
• Lipids, Waxes, Vitamin A, Water
• Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

A liquid has a pH between 12 and 13. Which of the following BEST describes this liquid?

• the solution is acidic, meaning it has more hydrogen (H+) ions than hydroxide (OH-) ions

• the solution is basic, meaning it has fewer hydrogen (H+) ions than hydroxide (OH-) ions

• the solution is neutral, meaning it has an equal number of hydrogen (H+) ions and hydroxide (OH-) ions

• the solution is a buffer that reacts with solutions containing high concentrations of hydrogen (H+) ions

What event always happens as a chemical reaction proceeds?

• a change in total mass

• the absorption of energy from the environment

• the release of energy to the environment

• the rearrangement of electrons to break or form chemical bonds

What allows the atoms in a water molecule to stay together?

• covalent bonds formed by shared electrons between atoms

• ionic bonds formed by electrons that transfer between atoms

• hydrogen bonds formed only by the electrons of the hydrogen atoms

• covalent bonds formed by electrons that transfer between atoms

How does an enzyme affect the energy of a chemical reaction?

• enzymes increase the free energy of the products

• enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction

• enzymes decrease the free energy of the reactants

• enzymes decrease the difference in energy between products and reactants

A long chain made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms can be found in only which type of macromolecule?

• lipid

• carbohydrate

• protein

• nucleic acid

What event changes an atom into an ion?

• the gain or loss of one or more electrons

• the sharing of electrons with another atom

• the gain or loss of one or more neutrons

• a chemical reaction that forms a molecule

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

• ketone and aldehyde
• hydroxyl and aldehyde
• carboxyl and amine
• carbonyl and carboxyl

Amino Acids are the monomer of...

• proteins

• carbs

• nucleic acids

• lipids