Test 2B Microbial Cell Structures and Function

Which of the following statements is true about eukaryotic cells?

• They lack membrane-bound organelles.

• Their DNA is linear and enclosed within a nucleus.

• They have a circular chromosome.

• They replicate through binary fission only.

Which cellular structure is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

• Endoplasmic reticulum

Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells because:

• They have more organelles.

• They lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

• They have more complex DNA.

• They contain a larger amount of cytoplasm.

(a)   is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells.

• Golgi apparatus
• Lysosome
• Mitochondrion
• Ribosome

Tap on all of the eukaryotic cells

The function of pili in bacterial cells is (a)   .

• To aid in motility

• To facilitate the exchange of genetic material

• To synthesize proteins

• To provide structural support

Match the following descriptions with the correct cytoplasmic components:

• Nucleoid

• A solid gel-like matrix

• Cytoskeleton

• A region where protein synthesis occurs

• Ribosome

• A network of protein filaments

• Cytoplasm

• A fluid that contains the cell's genetic material

(a)   is absent in most prokaryotic cells.

• Nucleus
• Cell wall
• Plasma membrane
• Ribosomes

The capsule found in some bacterial cells serves primarily to:

• Protect the cell from phagocytosis

• Facilitate DNA replication

• Aid in protein synthesis

• Generate energy for the cell

The genetic material in bacterial cells is typically found in (a)   .

• Chromosomes within the nucleus

• A single circular DNA molecule

• Linear DNA molecules

• Plasmids only