CD Test, Ch.1 Learning About Children

Why is observing young children beneficial for students, such as yourself?

• A. To see how children progress from one stage to the next.
• B. To learn more about working with children.
• C. To learn what behaviors are beneficial in a certain age group
• D. All of the above are correct.
• E. Only B and C are correct.

Why is observing young children beneficial for professionals (teachers and child care workers)?

• A. To identify each child's strengths and weaknesses.
• B. To customize/personalize activities
• C. To judge how effective their own efforts have been.
• D. All of the above are correct.
• E. Only A and C are correct.

All of the following are guidelines to follow when observing children, EXCEPT:

• Be respectful.
• Talk quietly with the children while you observe.
• Keep a low profile; try not to interact with the children.
• Know your objective.
• Keep your observations. confidential.

Which of the following BEST explains the difference between objective and subjective observations?

• Objective observations are a recording of facts without expressing opinion and subjective observations make judgement or show the observers opinion.
• Objective observations are done with a specific goal in mind and subjective observations have no specific goal in mind.
• There is no significant difference between objective and subjective observations.
• Objective observations express opinions about the situation and subjective observations do not express opinions.

Which of the following theorists believed that development takes place in distinct stages of cognitive (thinking) development?

• Erik Erikson
• Jean Piaget
• Maria Montessori
• B.F. Skinner

Which of the following theorists believed that children learn best through their senses pursuing their own interests at their own rate. Also responsible for developing schools that provide freedom within limits.

• Sigmund Freud
• Abraham Maslow
• Maria Montessori
• Lee Vygotsky

Which theorist developed the hierarchy of needs based on human needs and how there are levels that must be met before one can have other needs?

• Abraham Maslow
• Alfred Bandura
• Arnold Gesell
• Lawrence Kohlberg

Which theorist was concerned with the physical development of children and developed the normal sequence of development and at what age children should be able to do certain things that doctors still use today?

• Sigmund Freud
• Erik Erikson
• B.F. Skinner
• Arnold Gesell

Which theorist proposed the Social Learning theory which stated that people learn new information and behaviors from watching others?

• Alfred Bandura
• Arnold Gesell
• Lawrence Kohlberg
• Lee Vygotsky

Which theorist believed that learning could be broken down into smaller tasks, and that offering immediate rewards for accomplishments stimulated future learning?

• Maria Montessori
• B.F. Skinner
• Jean Piaget
• Arnold Gesell