Hypothesis and Experimental Design Quiz

Name the type of hypothesis which states which way the researcher expects the results to go.

• Null Hypothesis

• Directional Hypothesis

• Non-Directional Hypothesis

• Alternative Hypothesis

Name the hypothesis that states there is no significant difference / relationship in the results.

• Null Hypothesis

• Directional Hypothesis

• Non-Directional Hypothesis

• Alternative Hypothesis

"Participants who eat a slice of chocolate cake will rate their happiness levels as higher on a scale of 10 compared to participants who eat a slice of toast" what type of hypothesis is this?

• Null Hypothesis

• Directional Hypothesis

• Non-Directional Hypothesis

• Alternative Hypothesis

If a researcher thinks men will have faster reaction times than women, how should the hypothesis be phrased? (Remember to fully operationalise your hypothesis)

• Men will have faster reaction times than women.

• Men and women will have different reaction times.

• There will be no difference in reaction times between men and women.

• Reaction times will vary among individuals.

Define the independent variable (IV) and dependent variable (DV) in an experiment.

• IV is the variable that is measured, DV is the variable that is manipulated.

• IV is the variable that is manipulated, DV is the variable that is measured.

• IV and DV are both manipulated variables.

• IV and DV are both measured variables.

What is an independent measures design?

• A design where the same participants take part in all conditions of the experiment.

• A design where different participants take part in each condition of the experiment.

• A design where participants are matched in pairs based on certain characteristics.

• A design where participants are randomly assigned to conditions.

Explain one strength of using an independent measures design.

• It eliminates order effects.

• It requires fewer participants.

• It controls for participant variables.

• It is less time-consuming.

What is a repeated measures design?

• A design where the same participants take part in all conditions of the experiment.

• A design where different participants take part in each condition of the experiment.

• A design where participants are matched in pairs based on certain characteristics.

• A design where participants are randomly assigned to conditions.

How can order effects be reduced in a repeated measures design?

• By using random assignment.

• By counterbalancing the order of conditions.

• By increasing the sample size.

• By using a control group.

What are 'demand characteristics' and why is it a problem?

• Cues that reveal the purpose of the study to participants, leading them to change their behavior.

• Characteristics of the experimenter that influence the participants' behavior.

• Random variables that affect the outcome of the experiment.

• The natural variability in participants' responses.