2. Research Methods

A ________ is a tentative and testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables

• Hypothesis

• fact

• correlation

• deception

any factor capable of change

• Variable

• Sampling

• Correlation

• Experimental group

Independent variable is to dependent variable as _________ is to ____________.

• hypothesis | conclusion
• effect | cause
• cause | effect.
• conclusion | hypothesis

The outcome variable. The factor that is being measured.

• Representative Sampling

• Independent Variable

• Control Group

• Dependent Variable

If a researcher says that her findings are reliable she is referring to their ...

• reflexivity

• credibility

• objectivity

• consistency

When a study is said to be "Valid"....

• It is thought to measure what it was supposed to measure

• it is thought that the same or similar results should be achievable if repeated

• The DV is supposed to have the desired impact on the IV

• it is thought to be ineffective

You have developed a speaking proficiency test for English language learners. Upon analysis, you find that the test questions are ambiguous and do not effectively measure the intended speaking skills. Additionally, test-takers receive inconsistent scores upon repeated administrations. What can be said about this test?

• Reliable but Not Valid

• Valid but Not Reliable

• Not Valid and Not Reliable

• Valid and Reliable

A science test designed to measure students' understanding of physics concepts consistently produces the same scores when taken multiple times. However, it is found that the test is actually measuring students' mathematical skills rather than their understanding of physics. What can be said about this test?

• Reliable but Not Valid

• Valid but Not Reliable

• Not Valid and Not Reliable

• Valid and Reliable

the way a researcher selects participants from a population

• Correlation

• Sampling

• Variable

• Placebo effect

research method where the researcher observes the subject in a natural setting without interfering

• Naturalistic Observation

• Case Study

• Longitudinal study

• cross-sectional study