Bonding, structure and properties | Exit Quiz | Oak National Academy

Match the following terms to the correct definition.

• property

• A force of attraction between atoms or ions that holds them together.

• bonding

• Particles that enable electrical conductivity.

• charge carrier

• The arrangement of particles in a substance.

• structure

• A characteristic of a substance describing how it appears and behaves.

Answer explanation

Bonding is the force of attraction between atoms or ions and can be ionic, covalent or metallic. The properties of substances are affected by the type of bonding and the structure.

The two types of structure are simple and (a)   .

Answer explanation

Carbon dioxide has a simple structure, whereas diamond and graphite have a giant structure.

Which of the following terms can be used to describe substances that have a full outer shell of electrons?

• inert

• reactive

• stable

• unstable

Answer explanation

Elements with a full outer shell are stable and inert. They do not need to share, gain or lose electrons.

Why do simple molecular substances have low boiling points?

• The covalent bonds between the atoms are weak.

• The forces of attraction between molecules are weak.

• The ionic bonds between the ions are weak.

• The intramolecular bonds between the atoms are weak.

Answer explanation

The covalent bonds between the atoms are strong, but the intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules are weak. These intermolecular bonds need less energy to break than covalent or ionic bonds, so boiling points are low.

The presence of which of the following allows conductivity in a substance?

• delocalised electrons

• free–moving ions

• a full outer shell of electrons

• ions in fixed positions

Answer explanation

Delocalised electrons and free–moving ions can both act as charge carriers in a substance.

Match the following structures to the type of bonding.

• ionic

• simple or giant molecular structures

• metallic

• giant lattice structure

• covalent

• layers of positive ions in a 'sea' of delocalised electrons

Answer explanation

Giant covalent substances have large, regular arrangements of atoms. Giant lattices are formed by the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. The delocalised electrons in metals enable them to conduct electricity.