The structure of DNA: including nucleotides | Starter Quiz | Oak National Academy

This image shows a model of ...

• a bacterial cell.

• DNA

• a mitochondrion.

• an enzyme.

Answer explanation

The image shows a model of DNA; a polymer with a double helix structure that carries genetic information.

Which of the following is the definition of a polymer?

• A single subunit that makes up a long repeating chain.

• A long chain of repeating subunits called monomers.

• A type of cell division that produces genetically identical cells.

• Individual subunits that make up DNA.

Answer explanation

A polymer is a long chain of repeating subunits called monomers.

Match each structure to its correct definition.

• Nucleus

• A polymer with a double helix structure; carries the genetic material.

• DNA

• Contains DNA and controls cell activities.

• Chromosome

• Made from coiled DNA; humans have 23 pairs in their nuclei.

Answer explanation

DNA is a polymer with a double helix structure that carries the genetic material. DNA is highly coiled to form chromosomes. In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell activities.

What happens during interphase in the cell cycle?

• The cell membrane and cytoplasm divide.

• The chromatids are pulled to either end of the cell.

• The DNA and sub-cellular structures are copied.

Answer explanation

During interphase, the DNA and sub-cellular structures are copied.

Which type of cell division creates two genetically identical cells?

• meiosis

• mitosis

Answer explanation

Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two genetically identical cells.

Which term describes a cell with a membrane bound nucleus?

Answer explanation

Eukaryotic organisms contain a membrane bound nucleus. Prokaryotic organisms (bacteria) do not contain a membrane bound nucleus.