AP Psych - Understanding Non-Experimental Research Methods

Which of the following is a primary advantage of using surveys and questionnaires in psychological research?

• They provide in-depth information about a single individual.

• They allow researchers to gather data from a large number of people quickly.

• They eliminate the possibility of response bias.

• They are the most accurate method for establishing causation.

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In a case study, which of the following is typically true?

• It involves the manipulation of variables to determine cause and effect.

• It focuses on a detailed examination of a single individual or a small group.

• It uses random sampling to ensure generalizability.

• It is always conducted in a laboratory setting.

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Which of the following best describes observational research?

• It involves the researcher actively manipulating variables.

• It requires participants to complete a series of standardized tests.

• It involves watching and recording behaviors as they occur naturally.

• It is primarily used to establish causal relationships.

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What is the main purpose of correlational studies in psychology?

• To determine the cause of a behavior.

• To measure the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables.

• To manipulate variables in a controlled environment.

• To provide a detailed description of a single case.

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Which of the following is a key feature of meta-analysis?

• It involves the detailed study of a single individual.

• It combines the results of multiple studies to draw a general conclusion.

• It requires the manipulation of independent variables.

• It is conducted in a naturalistic setting.

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• 0 and 1

• -1 and 1

• -2 and 2

• -0.5 and 0.5

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Which of the following is a consideration when interpreting correlations?

• Correlation implies causation.

• A high correlation means one variable causes the other.

• Correlation does not imply causation.

• Correlations are always positive.

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Which of the following is an example of a negative correlation?

• As study time increases, test scores increase.

• As temperature increases, ice cream sales increase.

• As exercise increases, weight decreases.

• As age increases, height increases.

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In observational research, what is the primary role of the researcher?

• To manipulate variables to observe effects.

• To observe and record behaviors without interference.

• To administer surveys and questionnaires.

• To conduct experiments in a controlled setting.

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Which of the following is a limitation of case studies?

• They provide a large amount of quantitative data.

• They are easily generalizable to the larger population.

• They can be time-consuming and may not be generalizable.

• They always require a control group.

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