The Enlightenment

What was the Enlightenment?

• A movement in the 18th century that used reason and logic to create a revolution in ideas of government.

• A period of religious revival in the 17th century.

• A time when monarchs ruled with absolute power.

• An era of artistic and cultural achievements in the 19th century.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which philosopher believed in freedom of speech and separation of church and state?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What are Natural Rights according to Enlightenment thinkers?

• Rights given by the government.

• Rights that are earned through hard work.

• Rights that all humans are born with, including life, liberty, and property.

• Rights that are granted by the church.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which philosopher believed that people are born selfish and need a strong central authority to establish law and order?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Explain the concept of the social contract.

• A contract between the government and the church.

• An agreement where people give up some freedoms in order to get law and order in return.

• A contract that grants absolute power to the monarch.

• An agreement that ensures freedom of speech.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Describe the separation of powers in government.

• The division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.

• The concentration of power in the hands of a single ruler.

• The division of power between the church and the state.

• The separation of military and civilian powers.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Who believed that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property and that people were generally good?

• Thomas Hobbes

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What is Absolute Monarchy (Absolutism)?

• A system where a ruler (king or queen) holds total power.

• A system where power is shared among different branches of government.

• A system where the church has more power than the state.

• A system where the people have the ultimate authority.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Compare the views of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke on human nature and government.

• Both believed in absolute monarchy.

• Hobbes believed people are selfish and need a strong central authority, while Locke believed people are generally good and have natural rights.

• Both believed in the separation of powers.

• Hobbes believed in natural rights, while Locke believed in absolute monarchy.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Identify the philosopher who believed in the separation of church and state.

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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DOK Level 1: Recall