Y2 Week 7_ TEST 1 Sign Test/choosing a Stats Test

Which two descriptive statistics are the most sensitive?

• Range and skewness

• Mode and Median

• Mean and standard deviation
• Median and range

Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme values?

• Mean

• Median

• Mode

• Range

What are descriptive statistics?

• Descriptive statistics are used to predict future trends.
• Descriptive statistics are statistical methods that summarize and describe the characteristics of a dataset.
• Descriptive statistics are methods for conducting experiments.
• Descriptive statistics are only applicable to qualitative data.

What are inferential statistics?

• Inferential statistics calculate the measures of central tendency & dispersion

• Inferential statistics use tables and graphs to analyse the data

• Inferential statistics calculate the likelihood of the data being significant by putting the data into a stats test.

What is meant by P<0.05 ?

• It suggests that the probability of the results occurring due to chance is equal to or less than 5%

• It suggests that the probability of the results occurring due to chance is equal to or less than 95%

• It means the null hypothesis is definitely true.
• It indicates that the results are inconclusive and cannot be trusted.

When do psychologists change the significance level from the 'accepted' 0.05 level?

• When a more lenient level is required

• When the research is not statistically significant.
• When the results are inconclusive.
• When 5% is too greater a risk to take if results are socially sensitive/medical

What 3 factors are needed for the Sign Test

• Ordinal data

  Repeated measures

  Test of difference

• Nominal data

  Repeated Measures

  Test of difference

• Nominal data

  Independent Measures

  Test of difference

• Ordinal data

  Repeated measures

  Correlation

What 3 calculations are used on numerical data to describe how a data set ‘clusters around the central point’?

• Mean, Median, Mode (measure of dispersion)

• Range, Variance, Standard Deviation (measure of dispersion)

• Mean, Median, Mode (measure of central tendency)

• Range, Variance, Standard Deviation (measure of central tendency)

How is the S value calculated in the Sign Test

• S is the total count of all signs including ties.
• S is the difference between the counts of positive and negative signs.
• S is the smaller count of positive or negative signs after excluding ties.
• S is calculated by averaging the positive and negative signs.

How do psychologists use the calculated value obtained from the stats test to discover if their data is significant?

• Psychologists rely solely on the mean to assess significance.
• Psychologists ignore the p-value when analyzing data.
• Psychologists find the critical value from the critical value table & compare the observed value to it (if has to be > or < is given in exam)