Biomolecules and Enzymes in Cells

Which of the following biomolecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information in cells?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Explain how the structure of a protein determines its function in a cell.

• The sequence of amino acids determines the protein's shape, which in turn determines its function.

• The protein's function is determined by the number of amino acids it contains.

• The protein's function is determined by the type of cell it is in.

• The protein's function is determined by the amount of energy it can store.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Describe the role of enzymes in cellular processes.

• Enzymes store genetic information.

• Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

• Enzymes provide structural support to cells.

• Enzymes transport molecules across cell membranes.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?

• Temperature

• pH

• Substrate concentration

• All of the above

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Compare and contrast the functions of carbohydrates and lipids in cells.

• Carbohydrates are primarily used for long-term energy storage, while lipids are used for quick energy.

• Carbohydrates are used for quick energy, while lipids are used for long-term energy storage.

• Both carbohydrates and lipids are used for genetic information storage.

• Carbohydrates and lipids both provide structural support to cells.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction?

• By increasing the temperature of the reaction

• By binding to substrates and stabilizing the transition state

• By providing energy to the reactants

• By changing the pH of the environment

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which type of biomolecule is primarily involved in the formation of cell membranes?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What is the role of carbohydrates in cellular respiration?

• Carbohydrates are broken down to release energy.

• Carbohydrates act as enzymes in the process.

• Carbohydrates provide structural support to the cell.

• Carbohydrates store genetic information.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How do competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?

• They increase the enzyme's activity by binding to the active site.

• They decrease the enzyme's activity by binding to the active site.

• They increase the enzyme's activity by binding to an allosteric site.

• They decrease the enzyme's activity by binding to an allosteric site.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Analyze the impact of temperature on enzyme activity and explain why extreme temperatures can denature enzymes.

• High temperatures increase enzyme activity indefinitely.

• Low temperatures increase enzyme activity indefinitely.

• Extreme temperatures can cause enzymes to lose their shape, rendering them inactive.

• Temperature has no effect on enzyme activity.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking